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Xu G, Chen L, Zhao X, Liu W, Yu Y, Huang F, Wang Y, Chen Y. Dual-Layer Path Planning Model for Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Road Networks Using an Improved Deep Q-Network Algorithm with Proportional–Integral–Derivative Control. Electronics. 2025; 14(1):116. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14010116

Xu, Guoji, Lingling Chen, Xiaohui Zhao, Wengang Liu, Yue Yu, Fusen Huang, Yifan Wang, and Yifan Chen. 2025. "Dual-Layer Path Planning Model for Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Road Networks Using an Improved Deep Q-Network Algorithm with Proportional–Integral–Derivative Control" Electronics 14, no. 1: 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14010116

Xu, G., Chen, L., Zhao, X., Liu, W., Yu, Y., Huang, F., Wang, Y., & Chen, Y. (2025). Dual-Layer Path Planning Model for Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Road Networks Using an Improved Deep Q-Network Algorithm with Proportional–Integral–Derivative Control. Electronics, 14(1), 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14010116