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Volume 11
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Review

Advances in Microwave Large-Signal Metrology: From Vector-Receiver Load-Pull to Vector Signal Network Analyzer and Time-Domain Load-Pull Implementations (Invited Paper)

by
J. Apolinar Reynoso-Hernández
1,*,
Manuel Alejandro Pulido-Gaytan
1,
Thaimí Niubó-Alemán
1,2 and
Marlon Molina-Ceseña
1
1
Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California, División de Física Aplicada, Departamento de Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones, Ensenada CP 22860, Mexico
2
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2022, 11(7), 1114; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071114
Submission received: 21 February 2022 / Revised: 13 March 2022 / Accepted: 14 March 2022 / Published: 31 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis and Test of Microwave Circuits and Subsystems)
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Abstract

Radiofrequency (RF) power amplifiers (PAs) are important elements of modern communication systems. The most important components in PAs are the transistors, which are operated under large-signal regimes in such applications. Designing and optimizing PAs are challenging tasks that demand the highest accuracy on large-signal measurements at both device and circuit levels. Large-signal power transistor characterization demands the development and utilization of high-frequency and low-frequency load-pull systems. Furthermore, the static and dynamic characterization of two-input PAs requires the development of new measurement systems that consist of an nonlinear vector network analyzer (NVNA) and an arbitrary waveform generators (AWG). This paper reviews the research activities, achievements, and current research goals at CICESE Research Center in Mexico in the large-signal microwave metrology field.
Keywords: large-signal measurements; waveform engineering; vector signal network analyzer large-signal measurements; waveform engineering; vector signal network analyzer

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MDPI and ACS Style

Reynoso-Hernández, J.A.; Pulido-Gaytan, M.A.; Niubó-Alemán, T.; Molina-Ceseña, M. Advances in Microwave Large-Signal Metrology: From Vector-Receiver Load-Pull to Vector Signal Network Analyzer and Time-Domain Load-Pull Implementations (Invited Paper). Electronics 2022, 11, 1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071114

AMA Style

Reynoso-Hernández JA, Pulido-Gaytan MA, Niubó-Alemán T, Molina-Ceseña M. Advances in Microwave Large-Signal Metrology: From Vector-Receiver Load-Pull to Vector Signal Network Analyzer and Time-Domain Load-Pull Implementations (Invited Paper). Electronics. 2022; 11(7):1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071114

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reynoso-Hernández, J. Apolinar, Manuel Alejandro Pulido-Gaytan, Thaimí Niubó-Alemán, and Marlon Molina-Ceseña. 2022. "Advances in Microwave Large-Signal Metrology: From Vector-Receiver Load-Pull to Vector Signal Network Analyzer and Time-Domain Load-Pull Implementations (Invited Paper)" Electronics 11, no. 7: 1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071114

APA Style

Reynoso-Hernández, J. A., Pulido-Gaytan, M. A., Niubó-Alemán, T., & Molina-Ceseña, M. (2022). Advances in Microwave Large-Signal Metrology: From Vector-Receiver Load-Pull to Vector Signal Network Analyzer and Time-Domain Load-Pull Implementations (Invited Paper). Electronics, 11(7), 1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071114

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