Secure PD-NOMA with Multi-User Cooperation and User Clustering in Both Uplink and Downlink PD-NOMA
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Existing Literature on PD-NOMA
1.2. Motivation and Contributions
- For secure PD-NOMA communication, this paper presents the spreading-based technique with short codes that ensure the privacy of the PD-NOMA system from unregistered users or eavesdroppers.
- Through multi-user decode and forward (D&F) cooperative relaying schemes in PD-NOMA (Cop-PD-NOMA), strong users (near-users) have been used as relays to help increase the coverage area of the gNodeB and improve the BER performance at weak users (far-users).
- A low-complexity, three-step-based user clustering strategy is proposed to make sure that PD-NOMA clusters have low outage probabilities.
2. System Model for Multi-User Downlink and Uplink PD-NOMA
2.1. Multi-User Downlink PD-NOMA
2.2. Multi-User Uplink PD-NOMA
3. Proposed Secure Communication, Multi-User Cooperation, and User Clustering Strategy in PD-NOMA
3.1. Problem Formulation
3.2. Proposed Solution for Secure PD-NOMA Communication
3.3. Proposed Solution of Multi-User Cooperation in PD-NOMA
3.4. Proposed Solution for User Clustering Strategy
- Make C clusters with .
- Select a minimum number of users in each cluster to reduce intra-cell interference.
- Each group must contain users with a maximum distance separation.
4. Simulation Results
5. Conclusions and the Future Work
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mahmood, A.; Marey, M.; Nasralla, M.M.; Esmail, M.A.; Mostafa, H. Secure PD-NOMA with Multi-User Cooperation and User Clustering in Both Uplink and Downlink PD-NOMA. Electronics 2022, 11, 2153. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142153
Mahmood A, Marey M, Nasralla MM, Esmail MA, Mostafa H. Secure PD-NOMA with Multi-User Cooperation and User Clustering in Both Uplink and Downlink PD-NOMA. Electronics. 2022; 11(14):2153. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142153
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmood, Asif, Mohamed Marey, Moustafa M. Nasralla, Maged A. Esmail, and Hala Mostafa. 2022. "Secure PD-NOMA with Multi-User Cooperation and User Clustering in Both Uplink and Downlink PD-NOMA" Electronics 11, no. 14: 2153. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142153
APA StyleMahmood, A., Marey, M., Nasralla, M. M., Esmail, M. A., & Mostafa, H. (2022). Secure PD-NOMA with Multi-User Cooperation and User Clustering in Both Uplink and Downlink PD-NOMA. Electronics, 11(14), 2153. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142153