A Simple and Novel Localization Method Using the Radiated Ultra-Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Signals from the Surface Vehicle and Submerged Ones
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Target Modeling
2.2. Hybrid Localization Algorithm
Algorithm 1: Hybrid Localization Algorithm |
Require: |
Require: Ant Colony Algorithm: set |
1: loop |
2: for |
3: loop |
4: for |
5: update Equation (4), do |
6: end loop |
7: update |
8: end loop |
9: Find to minimize |
Require: LM Algorithm: set , Maximum Iteration Number N, Minimum Error |
10: for , do |
11: loop |
12: update Equation (8) |
13: update |
14: until |
15: end loop |
2.3. Description of the Validation Experiment
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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D [m] | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
preset value [m] | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
calculated value [m] | 0.462 | 12.52 | 23.5 | 32.86 | 35.66 | 46.1 |
error value | 20.13% | 14.89% | 8.7% | 12.17% | 8.46% |
D [m] | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
preset value [m] | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
calculated value [m] | 26.86 | 25.2 | 25.96 | 26.02 | 26.55 | 25.7 |
error value | 3.22% | 3.08% | 10.15% | 0.07% | 2.07% | 1.17% |
Distance Abeam D [m] | Ideal Results | Ellipsoid Model | Dipole Model |
---|---|---|---|
z [m] | |||
0 | 27.86 (6.67%) | 38.01 (31.59%) | |
10 | 25.2 (3.17%) | 33.6 (22.62%) | |
20 | 26 | 25.96 (0.15%) | 32.89 (20.95%) |
30 | 26.02 (0.08%) | 31.84 (18.34%) | |
40 | 26.55 (2.07%) | 30.49 (14.73%) | |
50 | 25.7 (1.17%) | 27.9 (6.81%) |
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Yang, K.; Li, D.; Li, H.; Ding, K.; Li, B. A Simple and Novel Localization Method Using the Radiated Ultra-Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Signals from the Surface Vehicle and Submerged Ones. Electronics 2021, 10, 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070784
Yang K, Li D, Li H, Ding K, Li B. A Simple and Novel Localization Method Using the Radiated Ultra-Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Signals from the Surface Vehicle and Submerged Ones. Electronics. 2021; 10(7):784. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070784
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Ke, Dongsheng Li, Hao Li, Kai Ding, and Bin Li. 2021. "A Simple and Novel Localization Method Using the Radiated Ultra-Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Signals from the Surface Vehicle and Submerged Ones" Electronics 10, no. 7: 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070784
APA StyleYang, K., Li, D., Li, H., Ding, K., & Li, B. (2021). A Simple and Novel Localization Method Using the Radiated Ultra-Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Signals from the Surface Vehicle and Submerged Ones. Electronics, 10(7), 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070784