Cosmetic Potential of Marine Fish Skin Collagen
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Extraction and Purification of Collagen
2.3. Amino Acid Analysis
2.4. Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)
2.5. Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
2.6. Rheology
2.7. Circular Dichroism
2.8. X-ray Diffraction
2.9. Humidity Regain
2.10. Biological Assessment
2.10.1. Skin Test Irritation
2.10.2. Cytokine Analysis
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Collagen Extraction: Salmon and Codfish Skins
3.2. Chemical and Physical Characterization of the Extracted Collagen
3.2.1. Amino acid Content of Collagen Extracts
3.2.2. SDS-PAGE Analysis
3.2.3. FTIR Analysis
3.2.4. Rheology
3.2.5. Circular Dichroism
3.2.6. X-ray Diffraction
3.3. Humidity Regain Analysis
3.4. Evaluation of Skin Irritation Potential
3.4.1. Effect over Viability of Keratinocytes on Reconstructed Skin Model
3.4.2. Cytokine Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Amino Acid | Salmon Collagen | Codfish Collagen |
---|---|---|
moL % | ||
Asp | 47 | 51 |
Thr | 16 | 23 |
Ser | 56 | 67 |
Glu | 71 | 71 |
Gly | 365 | 332 |
Ala | 121 | 106 |
Cys | 3 | 5 |
Val | 18 | 19 |
Met | 28 | 17 |
Ile | 6 | 11 |
Leu | 24 | 21 |
Nleu | 27 | 22 |
Tyr | 1 | 4 |
Phe | 16 | 12 |
OHLys | 12 | 7 |
His | 9 | 8 |
Lys | 25 | 26 |
Arg | 36 | 51 |
OHPro | 48 | 55 |
Pro | 73 | 91 |
Total | 1000 | 1000 |
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Alves, A.L.; Marques, A.L.P.; Martins, E.; Silva, T.H.; Reis, R.L. Cosmetic Potential of Marine Fish Skin Collagen. Cosmetics 2017, 4, 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics4040039
Alves AL, Marques ALP, Martins E, Silva TH, Reis RL. Cosmetic Potential of Marine Fish Skin Collagen. Cosmetics. 2017; 4(4):39. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics4040039
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlves, Ana L., Ana L. P. Marques, Eva Martins, Tiago H. Silva, and Rui L. Reis. 2017. "Cosmetic Potential of Marine Fish Skin Collagen" Cosmetics 4, no. 4: 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics4040039
APA StyleAlves, A. L., Marques, A. L. P., Martins, E., Silva, T. H., & Reis, R. L. (2017). Cosmetic Potential of Marine Fish Skin Collagen. Cosmetics, 4(4), 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics4040039