Knowledge Mapping Analysis of Intelligent Ports: Research Facing Global Value Chain Challenges
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Typical Roadmapping Questions
- What resources are needed to achieve carbon neutrality goals and sustainable development objectives?
- What are the current and emerging technologies? How will they impact the business models in the short term and in the long term?
- What collaborations, and which stakeholders, are necessary to bring innovative ideas to market?
- What are the key trends and disruptions? What are the potential opportunities and threats?
- How might we leverage technologies to solve problems by designing new products, services, or business models?
1.2. A Roadmapping Question for Ecosystem Innovations
1.3. Knowledge Mapping Questions for Integrated Roadmapping
- What are the intellectual, social, and conceptual structures of current knowledge, including specific information and relational patterns on the main authors, institutions, concepts, etc.?
- What are the socio-technical arrangements among the various stakeholders of intelligent ports?
- What are the specific key trends, opportunities, and threats?
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Knowledge Mapping
2.2. Roadmapping: Ecosystem Innovations Concerning ESG and Carbon Emission Data
3. Results
3.1. Intellectual Structure
3.1.1. Direct Citation Network: The Historiographic Network of Main Authors
3.1.2. Earlier Works in the Historiographic Network, from 2017 to 2018
3.1.3. Intermediate Work Published from 2019 to 2021
3.1.4. Latest Work Continuing the Intellectual Legacy
3.1.5. Source Co-Citation Network and Analysis: The Cited Journals as the Unit of Analysis
3.2. Social Structure: Key Publication Sources, Institutions, and Regions
3.2.1. Key Publication Sources
3.2.2. Key Universities and Institutions
3.2.3. Key Regions
3.3. Conceptual Structure and Thematic Analysis
3.3.1. Conceptual Structure: Keyword Co-Occurrence Network
3.3.2. Conceptual Structure: Theme Clusters and Topic Dendrogram
4. Discussion and Conclusions
4.1. Mapping Knowledge of Intelligent Ports
- Both the intellectual and conceptual structures of the knowledge base reveal the significance of the IoT, Industry 4.0, digitalization, and supply chains, and the relative dominance of smart seaport research in contrast to the smaller, but emerging, smart airport research. The analysis of the social structure showed the existence of various clusters of key publication sources, institutions, and regions/countries.
- Various stakeholders of intelligent ports, such as port authorities, terminal and port users, and port service providers, are seeking digital transformation alignment with Industry 4.0 practices.
- The information and intelligence potential of cloud-based IoT-enabled port terminal information for everyday operations and management reveals several trends, opportunities, and threats regarding IoT and Industry 4.0 data governance, applications, management, and security, including short-term real-time decision-making support systems and long-term strategic ones.
4.2. Prototyping Ecosystem Innovation Surrounding Intelligent Ports
4.3. Outlining Ecosystem Innovation around Carbon and ESG Information
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bibliographic Data Source | Web of Science Core Collection |
---|---|
Search query | TS = (((“smart port?”) OR (“ intelligent port?”)) OR ((“smart seaport?”) OR (“intelligent seaport?”)) OR ((“smart airport?”) OR (“intelligent airport?”))) |
Timespan | 2013–2023 |
Sources 1 | 76 |
Documents | 103 |
References | 3960 |
Average citations per document | 7.485 |
Author’s keywords (DE) | 361 |
Keywords plus (ID) | 150 |
Authors | 346 |
Authors—co-authors per doc | 3.87 |
Types—article | 63 |
Types—proceedings paper | 35 |
Types—review | 5 |
Cluster | Paper | Title | Year | LCS | GCS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster 1 | Yang YS, 2018, IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG doi:10.1109/mim.2018.8278808 [58] | Internet of things for smart ports: technologies and challenges | 2018 | 19 | 131 |
Heilig L, 2017, NETNOMICS doi:10.1007/s11066-017-9122-x [59] | Digital transformation in maritime ports: analysis and a game theoretic framework | 2017 | 7 | 66 | |
Aslam S, 2020, IEEE INTERNET THINGS doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2993411 [60] | Internet of ships: a survey on architectures, emerging applications, and challenges | 2020 | 4 | 46 | |
Zarzuelo ID, 2020, J IND INF INTEGR doi:10.1016/j.jii.2020.100173 [34] | Industry 4.0 in the port and maritime industry: a literature review | 2020 | 8 | 43 | |
Molavi A, 2020, APPL ENERG doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114022 [61] | Enabling smart ports through the integration of microgrids: a two-stage stochastic programming approach | 2020 | 6 | 31 | |
Yau KLA, 2020, IEEE ACCESS doi:10.1109/access.2020.2990961 [62] | Towards smart port infrastructures: enhancing port activities using information and communications technology | 2020 | 9 | 29 | |
Heilig L, 2017, FLEX SERV MANUF J doi:10.1007/s10696-017-9280-z [63] | Port-IO: an integrative mobile cloud platform for real-time inter-terminal truck routing optimization | 2017 | 2 | 27 | |
Zhong MS, 2019, IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG doi:10.1109/mim.2019.8917899 [64] | 5G and IoT: towards a new era of communications and measurements | 2019 | 2 | 22 | |
Gonzalez AR, 2020, LOGISTICS-BASEL doi:10.3390/logistics4020009 [65] | Preparation of a smart port indicator and calculation of a ranking for the Spanish port system | 2020 | 6 | 17 | |
Ozturk M, 2018, WIREL COMMUN MOB COM doi:10.1155/2018/5379326 [66] | Energy-aware smart connectivity for IoT networks: enabling smart ports | 2018 | 3 | 14 | |
Alop A, 2019, TRANSNAV doi:10.12716/1001.13.03.05 [67] | The main challenges and barriers to the successful smart shipping | 2019 | 3 | 13 | |
Cluster 2 | Lykou G, 2019, SENSORS-BASEL doi:10.3390/s19010019 [68] | Smart airport cybersecurity: threat mitigation and cyber resilience controls | 2019 | 2 | 15 |
Koroniotis N, 2020, IEEE ACCESS doi:10.1109/access.2020.3036728 [69] | A holistic review of cybersecurity and reliability perspectives in smart airports | 2020 | 3 | 14 | |
Elrayes A, 2019, INTERNET THINGS- NETH doi:10.1016/J.IOT.2018.11.001 [70] | Smart airport foreign object debris detection rover using LiDAR technology | 2019 | 1 | 7 |
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Liao, H.-T.; Lo, T.-M.; Pan, C.-L. Knowledge Mapping Analysis of Intelligent Ports: Research Facing Global Value Chain Challenges. Systems 2023, 11, 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020088
Liao H-T, Lo T-M, Pan C-L. Knowledge Mapping Analysis of Intelligent Ports: Research Facing Global Value Chain Challenges. Systems. 2023; 11(2):88. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020088
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiao, Han-Teng, Tsung-Ming Lo, and Chung-Lien Pan. 2023. "Knowledge Mapping Analysis of Intelligent Ports: Research Facing Global Value Chain Challenges" Systems 11, no. 2: 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020088