Acid Dentin Lysate Failed to Modulate Bone Formation in Rat Calvaria Defects
1
Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
2
Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
3
Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
4
Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 1058, Chile
5
Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
6
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria
7
Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
8
Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Carolinum, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
9
Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Nadia Lampiasi
Biology 2021, 10(3), 196; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10030196
Received: 12 February 2021
/
Revised: 26 February 2021
/
Accepted: 1 March 2021
/
Published: 5 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Formation: A Balanced Equilibrium between Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic Activities)
Simple Summary
Tooth roots are increasingly applied for bone reconstruction before implant placement. Growth factors stored in the dentin are assumed to enhance bone regeneration, however, the evidence is low. To this aim, collagen membranes were coated with dentin lysates obtained from extracted porcine teeth or remain untreated. The collagen membranes were tested for their capacity to stimulate bone formation in rat calvarial bone defects. After four weeks of healing, micro-computed tomography and histological analyses revealed that dentin lysates coating had no significant impact on the rather strong bone regeneration reaching a nearly complete defect closure even in untreated defects. It can thus be concluded that dentin lysates do not hinder bone regeneration. Conclusions concerning a possible stimulation of bone regeneration by dentin lysates should not be drawn.
Autogenous tooth roots are increasingly applied as a grafting material in alveolar bone augmentation. Since tooth roots undergo creeping substitution similar to bone grafts, it can be hypothesized that osteoclasts release the growth factors stored in the dentin thereby influencing bone formation. To test this hypothesis, collagen membranes were either soaked in acid dentin lysates (ADL) from extracted porcine teeth or serum–free medium followed by lyophilization. Thereafter, these membranes covered standardized 5-mm-diameter critical-size defects in calvarial bone on rats. After four weeks of healing, micro-computed tomography and histological analyses using undecalcified thin ground sections were performed. Micro-computed tomography of the inner 4.5 mm calvaria defects revealed a median bone defect coverage of 91% (CI: 87–95) in the ADL group and 94% (CI: 65–100) in the control group, without significant differences between the groups (intergroup p > 0.05). Furthermore, bone volume (BV) was similar between ADL group (5.7 mm3, CI: 3.4–7.1) and control group (5.7 mm3, CI: 2.9–9.7). Histomorphometry of the defect area confirmed these findings with bone area values amounting to 2.1 mm2 (CI: 1.2–2.6) in the ADL group and 2.0 mm2 (CI: 1.1–3.0) in the control group. Together, these data suggest that acid dentin lysate lyophilized onto collagen membranes failed to modulate the robust bone formation when placed onto calvarial defects.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
autogenous tooth roots; bone regeneration; rat calvaria defect; collagen membranes; guided bone regeneration; bone augmentation
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Nasirzade, J.; Alccayhuaman, K.A.A.; Kargarpour, Z.; Kuchler, U.; Strauss, F.J.; Panahipour, L.; Kampleitner, C.; Heimel, P.; Schwarz, F.; Gruber, R. Acid Dentin Lysate Failed to Modulate Bone Formation in Rat Calvaria Defects. Biology 2021, 10, 196. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10030196
AMA Style
Nasirzade J, Alccayhuaman KAA, Kargarpour Z, Kuchler U, Strauss FJ, Panahipour L, Kampleitner C, Heimel P, Schwarz F, Gruber R. Acid Dentin Lysate Failed to Modulate Bone Formation in Rat Calvaria Defects. Biology. 2021; 10(3):196. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10030196
Chicago/Turabian StyleNasirzade, Jila, Karol A.A. Alccayhuaman, Zahra Kargarpour, Ulrike Kuchler, Franz J. Strauss, Layla Panahipour, Carina Kampleitner, Patrick Heimel, Frank Schwarz, and Reinhard Gruber. 2021. "Acid Dentin Lysate Failed to Modulate Bone Formation in Rat Calvaria Defects" Biology 10, no. 3: 196. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10030196
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
