Evaluation of Five Host Inflammatory Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Single Center Cohort Study
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total Population | Patient Groups with VAP 1 Suspicion | p Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 20 | High (n = 12) | Low (n = 8) | ||
sex, male, n (%) | 13 (65) | 9 (75) | 5 (63) | |
Age 2, mo | 93 (6–184) | 24.5 (6–141) | 129 (28–184) | |
underlying disease | ||||
trauma, n (% ) | 3 (15 ) | 3 (25) | 0.0 | |
surgery, n (% ) | 2 (10) | 2 (17) | 0.0 | |
chronic disease *, n (%) | 7 (35) | 3 (25) | 4 (50) | |
acute illness, n (%) | 8 (40) | 4 (33.3) | 4 (50) | |
PRISM 3 ΙΙΙ score 2 | 11 (5–27) | 13 (5–27) | 10.5 (5–19) | 0.443 a |
body temperature, (°C) 6 | 37.7 (0.97) | 37.9 (1.07) | 37.3 (0.64) | |
vasopressors/shock, n (%) | 14 (70) | 10 (83) | 5 (63) | |
transfusions, n (%) | 7 (35) | 5 (42) | 2 (25) | |
CVC 7, n (%) | 20 (100) | 12 (100) | 8 (100) | |
nasogastric tube, n (%) | 20 (100) | 12 (100) | 8 (100) | |
folley, n (%) | 19 (95) | 11 (92) | 8 (100) | |
enteral, n (%) | 18 (90) | 10 (83) | 8 (100) | |
antibiotics, n (%) | 20 (100) | 12 (100) | 8 (100) | |
parenteral nutrition, n (%) | 2 (10) | 2 (17) | 0.0 | |
time to enrollment 2, d | 6 (4–29) | 6 (4–29) | 7 (2–26) | 0.6 a |
mCPIS 2,5 | 6.5 (3–9) | 7.25 (5–9) | 4.25 (3–8) | <0.01 ᵇ |
positive culture, n (%) | 4 (20) | 0.0 | 4 (100) | |
time on mechanical ventilation 2, d | 29 (5–62) | 21.5 (8–62) | 32 (5–43) | 0.716 a |
length of PICU stay 2,4, d | 31.5 (7–62) | 26.5 (7–62) | 35.5 (7–55) | 0.967 a |
length of hospital stay 2, d | 56.5 (6–181) | 56.5 (7–181) | 65 (6–155) | 0.53 a |
death in PICU, n (%) | 1 (5) | 1 (8) | 0.0 | |
mortality, n (%) | 2 (10) | 2 (17) | 0.0 | 0.49 |
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Sdougka, M.; Simitsopoulou, M.; Volakli, E.; Violaki, A.; Georgopoulou, V.; Ftergioti, A.; Roilides, E.; Iosifidis, E. Evaluation of Five Host Inflammatory Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Single Center Cohort Study. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 921. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050921
Sdougka M, Simitsopoulou M, Volakli E, Violaki A, Georgopoulou V, Ftergioti A, Roilides E, Iosifidis E. Evaluation of Five Host Inflammatory Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Single Center Cohort Study. Antibiotics. 2023; 12(5):921. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050921
Chicago/Turabian StyleSdougka, Maria, Maria Simitsopoulou, Elena Volakli, Asimina Violaki, Vivian Georgopoulou, Argiro Ftergioti, Emmanuel Roilides, and Elias Iosifidis. 2023. "Evaluation of Five Host Inflammatory Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Single Center Cohort Study" Antibiotics 12, no. 5: 921. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050921
APA StyleSdougka, M., Simitsopoulou, M., Volakli, E., Violaki, A., Georgopoulou, V., Ftergioti, A., Roilides, E., & Iosifidis, E. (2023). Evaluation of Five Host Inflammatory Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Single Center Cohort Study. Antibiotics, 12(5), 921. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050921