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Antibiotics
Volume 11
Issue 3
10.3390/antibiotics11030327
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Article

Exploring the Antifungal Activity and Action of Saussurea costus Root Extracts against Candida albicans and Non-albicans Species

by
Melad F. Soliman
1,
Youssria M. Shetaia
2,
Ahmed A. Tayel
3,*,
Alaa M. Munshi
4,
Fuad A. Alatawi
5,
Mohammed A. Alsieni
6 and
Mahmoud A. Al-Saman
1
1
Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City (USsC), Sadat City 22857, Egypt
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
3
Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24243, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
6
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2022, 11(3), 327; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030327
Submission received: 18 January 2022 / Revised: 17 February 2022 / Accepted: 23 February 2022 / Published: 1 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Plant Antimicrobial Substance)
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Abstract

The isolation and assessment of the active constituents in polar and non-polar crude extracts of Saussurea costus roots as antifungal agents, against Candida albicans and non-C. albicans (NAC) species, was the aim of this current investigation. The SEM “Scanning electron microscopy” imaging provided potential action modes of n-hexane extract (nhhE) toward Candida spp., whereas the TLC-DB “Thin layer chromatography-direct bioautography” was employed for detecting the anticandidal compounds. nhhE had the greatest biocidal activity against all strains and clinical isolates of Candida spp. with maximum zones of inhibition. SEM revealed the occurrence of irregular, dense inclusions of C. albicans cell walls after treatment with nhhE for 12 h. Complete morphological distortions with lysed membranes and deterioration signs appeared in most treated cells of C. parapsilosis. The most effectual compound with anticandidal activity was isolated using TLC-BD and identified as sesquiterpene by GC/MS analysis. The infra-red analysis revealed the presence of lactone ring stretching vibrations at 1766.72 cm−1. The anticandidal activity of nhhE of S. costus roots was confirmed from the results, and the treated cotton fabrics with nhhE of S. costus possessed observable activity against C. albicans. Data could recommend the practical usage of S. costus extracts, particularly nhhE, as influential natural bioactive sources for combating pathogenic Candida spp.
Keywords: anticandidal; S. costus roots; direct bioautography; GC/MS anticandidal; S. costus roots; direct bioautography; GC/MS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Soliman, M.F.; Shetaia, Y.M.; Tayel, A.A.; Munshi, A.M.; Alatawi, F.A.; Alsieni, M.A.; Al-Saman, M.A. Exploring the Antifungal Activity and Action of Saussurea costus Root Extracts against Candida albicans and Non-albicans Species. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 327. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030327

AMA Style

Soliman MF, Shetaia YM, Tayel AA, Munshi AM, Alatawi FA, Alsieni MA, Al-Saman MA. Exploring the Antifungal Activity and Action of Saussurea costus Root Extracts against Candida albicans and Non-albicans Species. Antibiotics. 2022; 11(3):327. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030327

Chicago/Turabian Style

Soliman, Melad F., Youssria M. Shetaia, Ahmed A. Tayel, Alaa M. Munshi, Fuad A. Alatawi, Mohammed A. Alsieni, and Mahmoud A. Al-Saman. 2022. "Exploring the Antifungal Activity and Action of Saussurea costus Root Extracts against Candida albicans and Non-albicans Species" Antibiotics 11, no. 3: 327. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030327

APA Style

Soliman, M. F., Shetaia, Y. M., Tayel, A. A., Munshi, A. M., Alatawi, F. A., Alsieni, M. A., & Al-Saman, M. A. (2022). Exploring the Antifungal Activity and Action of Saussurea costus Root Extracts against Candida albicans and Non-albicans Species. Antibiotics, 11(3), 327. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030327

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