Biosensors 2018, 8(3), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios8030068
Clinical Assessment of Dental Implant Stability During Follow-Up: What Is Actually Measured, and Perspectives
Elisabetta M. Zanetti 1,*
, Giulia Pascoletti 1, Michele Calì 2, Cristina Bignardi 3 and Giordano Franceschini 1
, Giulia Pascoletti 1, Michele Calì 2, Cristina Bignardi 3 and Giordano Franceschini 11
Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Perugia, 06125, Italy
2
DIEEI, Università di Catania, 95125, Italy
3
DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 31 May 2018 / Revised: 9 July 2018 / Accepted: 11 July 2018 / Published: 13 July 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Biosensors for in vivo Detection and Measurement)
Abstract
The optimization of loading protocols following dental implant insertion requires setting up patient-specific protocols, customized according to the actual implant osseointegration, measured through quantitative, objective methods. Various devices for the assessment of implant stability as an indirect measure of implant osseointegration have been developed. They are analyzed here, introducing the respective physical models, outlining major advantages and critical aspects, and reporting their clinical performance. A careful discussion of underlying hypotheses is finally reported, as is a suggestion for further development of instrumentation and signal analysis. View Full-TextKeywords:
implant stability; osseointegration; modal analysis; resonance frequency; ultrasound; reverse torque; functional loading; early loading; damping
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Zanetti, E.M.; Pascoletti, G.; Calì, M.; Bignardi, C.; Franceschini, G. Clinical Assessment of Dental Implant Stability During Follow-Up: What Is Actually Measured, and Perspectives. Biosensors 2018, 8, 68.
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