Efficient Entrapment of Alpha-Synuclein Biotinylated Antibody in KCC-1-NH-CS2 and Application for the Sensitive Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Using Recognition of Biomarker: An Innovative Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor for the Biomedical Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Chemicals and Reagents
2.2. Apparatus
2.3. KCC-1-NH-CS2 Synthesis
2.4. Encapsulation of the Antibody into KCC-1-NH-CS2
2.5. Preparation and Decontamination of the Electrodes
2.6. Electropolymerization of Beta-Cyclodextrin on the Surface of GCE
2.7. Immunosensor Assembly
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. The SEM Characterization of the Modified GCE
3.2. Electrochemical Properties of the Immunosensor’s Surface
3.3. Analytical Characteristics of the Immunosensor
3.4. Effect of Sweep Rate
4. Analytical Method Validation
4.1. Selectivity
4.2. Repeatability of Immunosensor
4.3. Inter-Day Repeatability
4.4. Stability Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Index | Peak Position | Peak Height |
---|---|---|
GCE | 0.50028 | 13.4135 |
GCE-β-CD | 0.40028 | 19.2955 |
GCE-β-CD-KCC-1-NH-CS2-Ab | 0.30027 | 40.9655 |
GCE-β-CD-KCC-1-NH-CS2-Ab-BSA | 0.30027 | 40.8493 |
GCE-β-CD-KCC-1-NH-CS2-Ab-BSA-Ag | 0.30027 | 36.2842 |
Used Technique | Bioreceptor | Interface of Electrode | LOD/LLOQ (ng/mL) | Linear Range (ng/mL) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Photo-electrochemical | Antibody | Au–TiO2 NTs | 0.034 | 0.05–100 | [28] |
EIS, SPR | Aptamer | Thiolated Au | 0.001 | 0.1 nM–0.5 µM | [29] |
CV, DPV | Aptamer | Apt-CS-Au | 10 pM | 60 pM–150 nM | [30] |
EIS, CV, SWV | Antibody | Au NP–PGA/ITO | 0.135 | 0.004–2 | [31] |
EIS, CV | Antibody | PAMAM–Au/C | 0.0146 | 0.02–200 | [32] |
DPV, EIS | Antibody | CYS/FTO | 3.62, 1.13 | 10–1000 | [33] |
ChA, EIS | Antibody | AuNCs-graphene | 4 (LLOQ) | 4–128 | [34] |
Optical (LSPR) | Chitosan film | AuNPs-chitosan | 70 nM | 70~700 nM | [35] |
ChA | Antibody | P(β-CD) | 0.02 | 0.02–64 | This work |
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Navay Baghban, H.; Hasanzadeh, M.; Liu, Y.; Seidi, F. Efficient Entrapment of Alpha-Synuclein Biotinylated Antibody in KCC-1-NH-CS2 and Application for the Sensitive Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Using Recognition of Biomarker: An Innovative Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor for the Biomedical Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biosensors 2022, 12, 911. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100911
Navay Baghban H, Hasanzadeh M, Liu Y, Seidi F. Efficient Entrapment of Alpha-Synuclein Biotinylated Antibody in KCC-1-NH-CS2 and Application for the Sensitive Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Using Recognition of Biomarker: An Innovative Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor for the Biomedical Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biosensors. 2022; 12(10):911. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100911
Chicago/Turabian StyleNavay Baghban, Hossein, Mohammad Hasanzadeh, Yuqian Liu, and Farzad Seidi. 2022. "Efficient Entrapment of Alpha-Synuclein Biotinylated Antibody in KCC-1-NH-CS2 and Application for the Sensitive Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Using Recognition of Biomarker: An Innovative Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor for the Biomedical Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases" Biosensors 12, no. 10: 911. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100911