Multi-Layer Biosensor for Pre-Symptomatic Detection of Puccinia strifformis, the Causal Agent of Yellow Rust

Hassan, Mohamed H.; Omar, Abdalla M.; Daskalakis, Evangelos; Mohamed, Abubaker A.; Boyd, Lesley A.; Blanford, Christopher; Grieve, Bruce; Bartolo, Paulo JDS.

doi:10.3390/bios12100829

Open AccessArticle

Multi-Layer Biosensor for Pre-Symptomatic Detection of Puccinia strifformis, the Causal Agent of Yellow Rust

by

Mohamed H. Hassan

^1,*

,

Abdalla M. Omar

¹,

Evangelos Daskalakis

¹

,

Abubaker A. Mohamed

²

,

Lesley A. Boyd

³,

Christopher Blanford

²

,

Bruce Grieve

⁴

and

Paulo JDS. Bartolo

^1,5,*

¹

Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

²

Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

³

NIAB, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK

⁴

Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

⁵

Singapore 3D Printing Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 829; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100829

Submission received: 12 July 2022 / Revised: 27 September 2022 / Accepted: 1 October 2022 / Published: 6 October 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Monitoring Pathogenic Agents)

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Abstract

The yellow rust of wheat (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is a devastating fungal infection that is responsible for significant wheat yield losses. The main challenge with the detection of this disease is that it can only be visually detected on the leaf surface between 7 and 10 days after infection, and by this point, counter measures such as the use of fungicides are generally less effective. The hypothesis of this study is to develop and use a compact electrochemical-based biosensor for the early detection of P. striiformis, thus enabling fast countermeasures to be taken. The biosensor that was developed consists of three layers. The first layer mimics the wheat leaf surface morphology. The second layer consists of a sucrose/agar mixture that acts as a substrate and contains a wheat-derived terpene volatile organic compound that stimulates the germination and growth of the spores of the yellow rust pathogen P. s. f. sp. tritici. The third layer consists of a nonenzymatic glucose sensor that produces a signal once invertase is produced by P. striiformis, which comes into contact with the second layer, thereby converting sucrose to glucose. The results show the proof that this innovative biosensor can enable the detection of yellow rust spores in 72 h.

Keywords: 3D printing; bioinspired; Puccinia striiformis; yellow rust; biosensor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hassan, M.H.; Omar, A.M.; Daskalakis, E.; Mohamed, A.A.; Boyd, L.A.; Blanford, C.; Grieve, B.; Bartolo, P.J. Multi-Layer Biosensor for Pre-Symptomatic Detection of Puccinia strifformis, the Causal Agent of Yellow Rust. Biosensors 2022, 12, 829. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100829

AMA Style

Hassan MH, Omar AM, Daskalakis E, Mohamed AA, Boyd LA, Blanford C, Grieve B, Bartolo PJ. Multi-Layer Biosensor for Pre-Symptomatic Detection of Puccinia strifformis, the Causal Agent of Yellow Rust. Biosensors. 2022; 12(10):829. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100829

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hassan, Mohamed H., Abdalla M. Omar, Evangelos Daskalakis, Abubaker A. Mohamed, Lesley A. Boyd, Christopher Blanford, Bruce Grieve, and Paulo JDS. Bartolo. 2022. "Multi-Layer Biosensor for Pre-Symptomatic Detection of Puccinia strifformis, the Causal Agent of Yellow Rust" Biosensors 12, no. 10: 829. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100829

APA Style

Hassan, M. H., Omar, A. M., Daskalakis, E., Mohamed, A. A., Boyd, L. A., Blanford, C., Grieve, B., & Bartolo, P. J. (2022). Multi-Layer Biosensor for Pre-Symptomatic Detection of Puccinia strifformis, the Causal Agent of Yellow Rust. Biosensors, 12(10), 829. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100829

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Multi-Layer Biosensor for Pre-Symptomatic Detection of Puccinia strifformis, the Causal Agent of Yellow Rust

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