Role of Honey as a Bifunctional Reducing and Capping/Stabilizing Agent: Application for Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Reducing Agent
1.2. Capping/Stabilising Agents
1.3. Bifunctional Reducing and Capping Agents
2. Honey
Honey as Bifunctional Reducing and Capping/Stabilising Agent
3. Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
3.1. Honey-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles
3.2. Honey-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
4. Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type of NPs | Reducing Agent | Capping/Stabilizing Agent | Size of NPs Formed (nm) | Application of NPs | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ag | Glucose, Fructose | Protein | 4.18 to 18.17 | Antimicrobial | [38] |
Glucose, Fructose, Vitamin C | Glucose, Fructose, Protein/Enzymes | 5 to 25 | Catalytic degradation of methylene blue | [39] | |
Glucose | Protein | 4 | Na | [42] | |
Amide and amine groups, phenolic compounds, carbonyl groups | Protein | 100 | Antimicrobial | [50] | |
Glucose, Fructose | Protein | 42 to 80 | Antifungal | [54] | |
Fructose, Glucose, Sucrose, Protein/Enzyme, Vitamins, Minerals, Organic acids | Fructose, Glucose, Sucrose, Protein/Enzyme, Vitamins, Minerals, Organic acids | 15.63 to 26.05 | Na | [43] | |
Cr2O3 | Carbohydrate | Phenolic compounds | 24 | Antioxidant and antibacterial | [47] |
Au | Fructose | Protein | 15 | Na | [40] |
Fructose, Vitamin C | Protein | 14.1 to 14.5 | Antioxidant and Catalytic activity | [56] | |
Ns | Ns | 20 to 50 | Na | [57] | |
CaO | Phytochemical compounds | Protein | 100 | Antifungal | [51] |
Cu | Glucose, Fructose, Protein, Ascorbic acid | Protein, Glucose, Fructose | 3.68 | Antibacterial | [52] |
Tetragonal ZrO2 | Ns | Ns | 17.44 to 23.01 | Optical | [53] |
Fe3O4 | Fructose | Protein | 2.22 to 3.21 | Na | [55] |
Silver Salt/Precursor | Synthesis Condition | Shape | Size (nm) | Application | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AgNO3 |
| Spherical | 50 to 98 | Antioxidant, antibacterial | [35] |
AgNO3 |
| Spherical | 42.7 | Antibacterial | [70] |
AgNO3 |
| Spherical | 20.0 | Na | [71] |
AgNO3 |
| - | 15.63 to 26.05 | Na | [43] |
AgNO3 |
| Spherical | 50 to 90 | Anticancer, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory | [26] |
AgNO3 |
| Spherical | 60 to 85 | Antimicrobial, immunomodulatory | [72] |
AgNO3 |
| Spherical | 42 to 80 | Antifungal | [54] |
AgNO3 |
| Spherical | 5 to 25 | Catalytic degradation of methylene blue | [39] |
Zinc Salt/Precursor | Synthesis Condition | Shape | Size (nm) | Application | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zn(NO3)2·6H2O |
| Quasi-Spherical | 39 | Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, antibacterial, antifungal | [78] |
Zn(NO3)2·6H2O |
| Spherical | 30 | Na | [76] |
Zn(NO3)2·6H2O |
| Plate-like and rod-like structure | 26 | Na | [79] |
Zn(NO3)2·6H2O |
| Spherical | 23 | Antimicrobial | [80] |
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Bahari, N.; Hashim, N.; Abdan, K.; Md Akim, A.; Maringgal, B.; Al-Shdifat, L. Role of Honey as a Bifunctional Reducing and Capping/Stabilizing Agent: Application for Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 1244. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13071244
Bahari N, Hashim N, Abdan K, Md Akim A, Maringgal B, Al-Shdifat L. Role of Honey as a Bifunctional Reducing and Capping/Stabilizing Agent: Application for Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(7):1244. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13071244
Chicago/Turabian StyleBahari, Norfarina, Norhashila Hashim, Khalina Abdan, Abdah Md Akim, Bernard Maringgal, and Laith Al-Shdifat. 2023. "Role of Honey as a Bifunctional Reducing and Capping/Stabilizing Agent: Application for Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles" Nanomaterials 13, no. 7: 1244. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13071244