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Article

Dissolution Reaction and Surface Modification of UICC Amosite in Mimicked Gamble’s Solution: A Step towards Filling the Gap between Asbestos Toxicity and Its Crystal Chemical Features

by
Alessandro Pacella
1,*,
Paolo Ballirano
1,2,
Maria Cristina Di Carlo
1,
Marzia Fantauzzi
3,
Antonella Rossi
3,
Elisa Nardi
4,
Cecilia Viti
5,
Lorenzo Arrizza
6,
Antonella Campopiano
7,
Annapaola Cannizzaro
7,
Andrea Bloise
8,* and
Maria Rita Montereali
9
1
Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
2
Rectoral Laboratory Fibres and Inorganic Particulate, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
3
INSTM Research Unit, Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
4
Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy
5
Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy
6
Microscopy Center, University of L’ Aquila, Via Vetoio, Locality Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
7
Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Rome, Italy
8
Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, V. P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
9
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, ENEA, Casaccia Research Centre, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(22), 2933; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222933
Submission received: 4 October 2023 / Revised: 2 November 2023 / Accepted: 10 November 2023 / Published: 12 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Chemical Engineering (Volume II))
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Abstract

This study focuses on the dissolution process and surface characterization of amosite fibres following interaction with a mimicked Gamble’s solution at a pH of 4.5 and T = 37 °C, up to 720 h. To achieve this, a multi-analytical approach was adopted, and the results were compared to those previously obtained on a sample of asbestos tremolite and UICC crocidolite, which were investigated under the same experimental conditions. Combining surface chemical data obtained by XPS with cation release quantified by ICP-OES, an incongruent behaviour of the fibre dissolution was highlighted for amosite fibres, similarly to asbestos tremolite and UICC crocidolite. In particular, a preferential release of Mg and Ca from the amphibole structure was observed, in agreement with their Madelung site energies. Notably, no Fe release from amosite fibres was detected in our experimental conditions (pH of 4.5 and atmospheric pO2), despite the occurrence of Fe(II) at the M(4) site of the amphibole structure, where cations are expected to be rapidly leached out during mineral dissolution. Moreover, the oxidation of both the Fe centres initially present on the fibre surface and those promoted from the bulk, because of the erosion of the outmost layers, was observed. Since biodurability (i.e., the resistance to dissolution) is one of the most important toxicity parameters, the knowledge of the surface alteration of asbestos possibly occurring in vivo may help to understand the mechanisms at the basis of its long-term toxicity.
Keywords: asbestos; UICC amosite; fibre dissolution; Gamble’s solution asbestos; UICC amosite; fibre dissolution; Gamble’s solution

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pacella, A.; Ballirano, P.; Di Carlo, M.C.; Fantauzzi, M.; Rossi, A.; Nardi, E.; Viti, C.; Arrizza, L.; Campopiano, A.; Cannizzaro, A.; et al. Dissolution Reaction and Surface Modification of UICC Amosite in Mimicked Gamble’s Solution: A Step towards Filling the Gap between Asbestos Toxicity and Its Crystal Chemical Features. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2933. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222933

AMA Style

Pacella A, Ballirano P, Di Carlo MC, Fantauzzi M, Rossi A, Nardi E, Viti C, Arrizza L, Campopiano A, Cannizzaro A, et al. Dissolution Reaction and Surface Modification of UICC Amosite in Mimicked Gamble’s Solution: A Step towards Filling the Gap between Asbestos Toxicity and Its Crystal Chemical Features. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(22):2933. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222933

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pacella, Alessandro, Paolo Ballirano, Maria Cristina Di Carlo, Marzia Fantauzzi, Antonella Rossi, Elisa Nardi, Cecilia Viti, Lorenzo Arrizza, Antonella Campopiano, Annapaola Cannizzaro, and et al. 2023. "Dissolution Reaction and Surface Modification of UICC Amosite in Mimicked Gamble’s Solution: A Step towards Filling the Gap between Asbestos Toxicity and Its Crystal Chemical Features" Nanomaterials 13, no. 22: 2933. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222933

APA Style

Pacella, A., Ballirano, P., Di Carlo, M. C., Fantauzzi, M., Rossi, A., Nardi, E., Viti, C., Arrizza, L., Campopiano, A., Cannizzaro, A., Bloise, A., & Montereali, M. R. (2023). Dissolution Reaction and Surface Modification of UICC Amosite in Mimicked Gamble’s Solution: A Step towards Filling the Gap between Asbestos Toxicity and Its Crystal Chemical Features. Nanomaterials, 13(22), 2933. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222933

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