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Volume 16
Issue 9
10.3390/jfb16090312
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Three-Dimensional Objective Evaluation of the Changes in the Alveolar Ridge Before and After Horizontal Bone Augmentation Along with Implant Placement Using Intraoral Digital Scanning: A Prospective Study

by
Naoki Kitamura
1,
Kikue Yamaguchi
1,*,
Kaiya Himi
2,
Kota Ishii
2 and
Motohiro Munakata
1
1
Department of Implant Dentistry, Showa Medical University Graduate School of Dentistry, 2-1-1, Kita-senzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
2
Department of Implant Dentistry, Showa Medical University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1, Kita-senzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Funct. Biomater. 2025, 16(9), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16090312 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 23 July 2025 / Revised: 23 August 2025 / Accepted: 27 August 2025 / Published: 28 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Bone Graft Materials)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Implant treatment in the aesthetic regions of the jaw often requires hard and soft tissue augmentation to ensure optimal prosthetic outcomes. Radiological evaluation with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and visual inspection of intraoral photographs are effective for assessing hard tissues but are limited in evaluating soft tissues. This study aimed to objectively evaluate volumetric and dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge, including both hard and soft tissues, following simultaneous horizontal bone augmentation and implant placement using intraoral digital scanning. Intraoral digital scans were obtained at baseline (T0) and at 2 (T1), 6 (T2), and 12 weeks (T3) post-surgery. Scans were superimposed using dedicated imaging software to measure volumetric and cross-sectional changes. Volumetric gain was significant at T1 but decreased significantly from T1 to T2 (p = 0.0006) and from T1 to T3 (p = 0.0002). Cross-sectional analysis showed significant increases in ridge width at T1 at all measured levels, accompanied by a significant vertical decrease at the alveolar crest from T1 to T2 (p = 0.0056) and T3 (p = 0.0106).These findings indicate that horizontal augmentation provides initial volumetric gain but is followed by substantial reduction at the crest, suggesting that rigid fixation may enhance stability; however, controlled clinical trials are required.
Keywords: dental implant; bone augmentation; guided bone regeneration; volumetric analysis; alveolar ridge; intraoral digital scanning dental implant; bone augmentation; guided bone regeneration; volumetric analysis; alveolar ridge; intraoral digital scanning

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kitamura, N.; Yamaguchi, K.; Himi, K.; Ishii, K.; Munakata, M. Three-Dimensional Objective Evaluation of the Changes in the Alveolar Ridge Before and After Horizontal Bone Augmentation Along with Implant Placement Using Intraoral Digital Scanning: A Prospective Study. J. Funct. Biomater. 2025, 16, 312. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16090312

AMA Style

Kitamura N, Yamaguchi K, Himi K, Ishii K, Munakata M. Three-Dimensional Objective Evaluation of the Changes in the Alveolar Ridge Before and After Horizontal Bone Augmentation Along with Implant Placement Using Intraoral Digital Scanning: A Prospective Study. Journal of Functional Biomaterials. 2025; 16(9):312. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16090312

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kitamura, Naoki, Kikue Yamaguchi, Kaiya Himi, Kota Ishii, and Motohiro Munakata. 2025. "Three-Dimensional Objective Evaluation of the Changes in the Alveolar Ridge Before and After Horizontal Bone Augmentation Along with Implant Placement Using Intraoral Digital Scanning: A Prospective Study" Journal of Functional Biomaterials 16, no. 9: 312. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16090312

APA Style

Kitamura, N., Yamaguchi, K., Himi, K., Ishii, K., & Munakata, M. (2025). Three-Dimensional Objective Evaluation of the Changes in the Alveolar Ridge Before and After Horizontal Bone Augmentation Along with Implant Placement Using Intraoral Digital Scanning: A Prospective Study. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 16(9), 312. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16090312

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