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Challenges
Volume 16
Issue 3
10.3390/challe16030042
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Retraction of Challenges 2024, 15(4), 44.
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Retraction

RETRACTED: Chumo et al. The Value of Community Capitals in Sustainable Urban Development: A Qualitative Exploration of Urban Informal Workers. Challenges 2024, 15, 44

by
Ivy Chumo
*,
Blessing Mberu
and
Caroline Kabaria
African Population and Health Research Centre (APHRC), Nairobi P.O. Box 10787-00100, Kenya
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Challenges 2025, 16(3), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/challe16030042
Submission received: 7 August 2025 / Accepted: 12 August 2025 / Published: 2 September 2025
Versions Notes
The journal retracts the review article “The Value of Community Capitals in Sustainable Urban Development: A Qualitative Exploration of Urban Informal Workers” [1], cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the publisher’s attention regarding an overlap between this article [1] and an earlier publication [2], produced by a different authorship group, as well as redundancy with a previous publication [3], produced by the same authors.
Adhering to our complaint procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office and Editorial Board, which confirmed a signifying overlap and redundancy in the above mentioned manuscripts. As a result, the Editorial Board has decided to retract this paper as per MDPI’s retraction policy (MDPI|Research and Publication Ethics).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Challenges.
The authors agreed with the retraction.

References

  1. Chumo, I.; Mberu, B.; Kabaria, C. RETRACTED: The Value of Community Capitals in Sustainable Urban Development: A Qualitative Exploration of Urban Informal Workers. Challenges 2024, 15, 44. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  2. Nkansah, A.; Fisher, J.; Sohail, M. Manual pit emptying as a sustainable livelihood in Ghana. Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Eng. Sustain. 2012, 3, 215–221. [Google Scholar]
  3. Chumo, I.; Kabaria, C.; Mberu, B. Social inclusion of persons with disability in employment: What would it take to socially support employed persons with disability in the labor market? Front. Rehabil. Sci. 2023, 4, 1125129. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chumo, I.; Mberu, B.; Kabaria, C. RETRACTED: Chumo et al. The Value of Community Capitals in Sustainable Urban Development: A Qualitative Exploration of Urban Informal Workers. Challenges 2024, 15, 44. Challenges 2025, 16, 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe16030042

AMA Style

Chumo I, Mberu B, Kabaria C. RETRACTED: Chumo et al. The Value of Community Capitals in Sustainable Urban Development: A Qualitative Exploration of Urban Informal Workers. Challenges 2024, 15, 44. Challenges. 2025; 16(3):42. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe16030042

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chumo, Ivy, Blessing Mberu, and Caroline Kabaria. 2025. "RETRACTED: Chumo et al. The Value of Community Capitals in Sustainable Urban Development: A Qualitative Exploration of Urban Informal Workers. Challenges 2024, 15, 44" Challenges 16, no. 3: 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe16030042

APA Style

Chumo, I., Mberu, B., & Kabaria, C. (2025). RETRACTED: Chumo et al. The Value of Community Capitals in Sustainable Urban Development: A Qualitative Exploration of Urban Informal Workers. Challenges 2024, 15, 44. Challenges, 16(3), 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe16030042

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