Channel Shallowing as Mitigation of Coastal Flooding
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Hydrodynamic Modeling
2.2. Storms and Forcing Data
2.3. Landscape Scenarios
- CONTROL: Present-day landscape and land cover;
- SC1: “Wetland restoration”: Restoring the 1879 wetland footprint and bathymetry, while not altering areas of present-day deep channels or neighborhoods;
- SC2: “Full shallowing”: Shallowing deep (>2m) channels to 2 m depth below Mean Low Water;
- SC3: “Inlet shallowing”: As SC2, but shallowing only the narrowest region in the inlet;
2.4. Model Validation
3. Results
Storm Events | Scenario | Bay-Average | JBI Station | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Peak Water Level (m a) | Reduction (m) | Reduction Percentage (%) | Peak Water Level (m a) | Peak Surge b (m) | Peak Tide c (m) | ||
Hurricane Sandy 2012 | Control | 3.39 | -- | -- | 3.27 | 2.38 | 1.03 |
SC1 | 3.38 | 0.01 | 0.3 | 3.25 | 2.33 | 1.01 | |
SC2 | 2.89 | 0.50 | 14.7 | 2.77 | 2.23 | 0.58 | |
SC3 | 3.16 | 0.23 | 6.8 | 3.06 | 2.32 | 0.76 | |
Hurricane 1821 | Control | 2.54 | -- | -- | 2.60 | 2.87 | 0.78 |
SC1 | 2.48 | 0.06 | 2.4 | 2.50 | 2.73 | 0.74 | |
SC2 | 1.38 | 1.16 | 45.7 | 1.27 | 1.46 | 0.49 | |
SC3 | 1.79 | 0.75 | 29.5 | 1.85 | 2.20 | 0.64 |
4. Discussion
4.1. Physics of Channel Depth and Storm Tides
4.2. Broader Considerations for Shallowing as Mitigation of Coastal Flooding
5. Summary and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Orton, P.M.; Talke, S.A.; Jay, D.A.; Yin, L.; Blumberg, A.F.; Georgas, N.; Zhao, H.; Roberts, H.J.; MacManus, K. Channel Shallowing as Mitigation of Coastal Flooding. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2015, 3, 654-673. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse3030654
Orton PM, Talke SA, Jay DA, Yin L, Blumberg AF, Georgas N, Zhao H, Roberts HJ, MacManus K. Channel Shallowing as Mitigation of Coastal Flooding. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2015; 3(3):654-673. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse3030654
Chicago/Turabian StyleOrton, Philip M., Stefan A. Talke, David A. Jay, Larry Yin, Alan F. Blumberg, Nickitas Georgas, Haihong Zhao, Hugh J. Roberts, and Kytt MacManus. 2015. "Channel Shallowing as Mitigation of Coastal Flooding" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 3, no. 3: 654-673. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse3030654