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Article

Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Foundation Under Extreme Wave–Current: A Case Study

by
Haoran Zhou
1,2,
Ben He
3,
Peng Gao
3,
Wei Jin
1,
Dan Zhang
1,
Chong Zhang
1,
Wenqi Sa
1,
Chunhui He
1 and
Jianhong Ye
4,*
1
Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu 610072, China
2
School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
3
Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China
4
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(9), 1819; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091819
Submission received: 11 July 2025 / Revised: 16 September 2025 / Accepted: 18 September 2025 / Published: 19 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Abstract

As offshore wind energy industry advances into deeper water recently, jacket foundations become one of the predominant support structure types for far-sea wind farms. To ensure the safety and reliability of offshore wind turbine (OWT) jacket foundations in the complex environments of far-seas, the investigation of their resistance capabilities to extreme ocean wave is essential. In this study, the OWT jacket foundations in the sea area of Cangnan and Lianjiang are adopted to conduct a typical case study. This study employs a full-scale jacket foundation to carry out some full-scenario, large-scale hydrodynamic numerical simulations considering the combined action of wave and current. It is revealed that for OWT jacket foundations in Cangnan and Lianjiang, China, under an extreme condition with approximately 26 m wave height and 18 s wave period, the peak wave impact and horizontal force on the jacket foundation are approximately 190 kPa and 18,000 kN, respectively. Furthermore, this study discusses the wave profile evolution characteristics around the jacket foundation and the correlation between wave run-up and wave height. These findings provide a good case study and technical reference for the full-scale fine simulation of wave forces on OWT jacket foundations in far-sea areas.
Keywords: offshore wind turbine; jacket foundation; hydrodynamic simulation; extreme wave impact; OlaFlow offshore wind turbine; jacket foundation; hydrodynamic simulation; extreme wave impact; OlaFlow

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhou, H.; He, B.; Gao, P.; Jin, W.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, C.; Sa, W.; He, C.; Ye, J. Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Foundation Under Extreme Wave–Current: A Case Study. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13, 1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091819

AMA Style

Zhou H, He B, Gao P, Jin W, Zhang D, Zhang C, Sa W, He C, Ye J. Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Foundation Under Extreme Wave–Current: A Case Study. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(9):1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091819

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhou, Haoran, Ben He, Peng Gao, Wei Jin, Dan Zhang, Chong Zhang, Wenqi Sa, Chunhui He, and Jianhong Ye. 2025. "Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Foundation Under Extreme Wave–Current: A Case Study" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 9: 1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091819

APA Style

Zhou, H., He, B., Gao, P., Jin, W., Zhang, D., Zhang, C., Sa, W., He, C., & Ye, J. (2025). Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Foundation Under Extreme Wave–Current: A Case Study. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(9), 1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091819

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