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Article

Decadal Evaluation of Sea Surface Temperature Products from MWRI Onboard FY-3B/C/D Satellites

by
Yili Zhao
1,
Saiya Zha
1,
Ping Liu
1,
Miao Zhang
2,3,4,*,
Song Song
1,
Na Xu
2,3,4 and
Lin Chen
2,3,4
1
School of Marine Technology and Geomatics, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
2
National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Centre for Space Weather), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
3
Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
4
Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellite, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(11), 2136; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13112136
Submission received: 22 September 2025 / Revised: 7 November 2025 / Accepted: 10 November 2025 / Published: 12 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Abstract

Microwave Radiation Imagers (MWRIs) onboard the FY-3B, FY-3C, and FY-3D satellites are the primary sensors for sea surface temperature (SST) observation. Benefiting from the resolution of several key calibration issues in brightness temperature products, MWRI SST records spanning more than a decade have been reprocessed. In this study, these reprocessed SST products are evaluated using direct comparison and the extended triple collocation (ETC) method, along with additional error analyses. Compared with iQuam SST, the reprocessed MWRI SST products from the three satellites show total root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 0.80–0.82 °C and total biases of −0.12 °C to 0.00 °C. ETC analyses based on MWRI, ERA5, and Argo SSTs indicate random errors of 0.76–0.78 °C. Furthermore, the reprocessed MWRI SST products demonstrate temporal stability and exhibit minimal crosstalk effects from sea surface wind speed, columnar water vapor, and columnar cloud liquid water in SST retrievals. Compared with previous versions, the reprocessed products show significant improvements, with consistent performance across FY-3B, FY-3C, and FY-3D. However, differences in SST observations due to the varying local times of the ascending nodes among the three satellites should be corrected in practical applications.
Keywords: microwave radiation imager; FY-3; SST; evaluation microwave radiation imager; FY-3; SST; evaluation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhao, Y.; Zha, S.; Liu, P.; Zhang, M.; Song, S.; Xu, N.; Chen, L. Decadal Evaluation of Sea Surface Temperature Products from MWRI Onboard FY-3B/C/D Satellites. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13, 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13112136

AMA Style

Zhao Y, Zha S, Liu P, Zhang M, Song S, Xu N, Chen L. Decadal Evaluation of Sea Surface Temperature Products from MWRI Onboard FY-3B/C/D Satellites. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(11):2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13112136

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhao, Yili, Saiya Zha, Ping Liu, Miao Zhang, Song Song, Na Xu, and Lin Chen. 2025. "Decadal Evaluation of Sea Surface Temperature Products from MWRI Onboard FY-3B/C/D Satellites" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 11: 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13112136

APA Style

Zhao, Y., Zha, S., Liu, P., Zhang, M., Song, S., Xu, N., & Chen, L. (2025). Decadal Evaluation of Sea Surface Temperature Products from MWRI Onboard FY-3B/C/D Satellites. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(11), 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13112136

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