Pathways between Climate, Fish, Fisheries, and Management: A Conceptual Integrated Ecosystem Management Approach
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Stantec Consulting Services Inc., 725 E Fireweed Lane, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA
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Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 W Saanich Rd, Sidney, BC V8L 5T5, Canada
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Jeffrey W. Short
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(3), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030338
Received: 1 January 2022
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Revised: 10 February 2022
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Accepted: 14 February 2022
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Published: 28 February 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecosystem-Based Fishery Management in the Bering Sea)
The abundance and distribution of marine fishes is influenced by environmental conditions, predator–prey relationships, multispecies interactions, and direct human impacts, such as fishing. The adaptive response of the system depends on its structure and the pathways that link environmental factors to the taxon in question. The “Star Diagram” is a socio-ecological model of marine ecosystems that depicts the general pathways between climate, fish, and fisheries, and their intersection with climate policy and resource management. We illustrate its use by identifying the key factors, pathways and drivers that influence walleye pollock, crab, and sockeye salmon, under a warming scenario on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. This approach predicts that all three species will see reduced populations under a long-term warming scenario. Going forward, the challenge to managers is to balance the magnitude of the effect of harvest and the adaptability of their management system, with the scale and degree of resilience and the behavioral, physiological, or evolutionary adaptation of the ecosystem and its constituents. The Star Diagram provides a novel conceptual construct that managers can use to visualize and integrate the various aspects of the system into a holistic, socio-ecological management framework.
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Keywords:
ecosystem management; fisheries; climate change; adaptation; resilience; conceptual model; socio-ecological systems
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MDPI and ACS Style
Wiese, F.K.; Nelson, R.J. Pathways between Climate, Fish, Fisheries, and Management: A Conceptual Integrated Ecosystem Management Approach. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10, 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030338
AMA Style
Wiese FK, Nelson RJ. Pathways between Climate, Fish, Fisheries, and Management: A Conceptual Integrated Ecosystem Management Approach. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022; 10(3):338. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030338
Chicago/Turabian StyleWiese, Francis K., and R. John Nelson. 2022. "Pathways between Climate, Fish, Fisheries, and Management: A Conceptual Integrated Ecosystem Management Approach" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 3: 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030338
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