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Article

Mate Perception and Gene Networks Regulating the Early Phase of Sex in Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata

by
Pina Marotta
1,*,†,
Camilla Borgonuovo
1,†,
Anna Santin
1,
Monia Teresa Russo
1,
Francesco Manfellotto
1,
Marina Montresor
1,
Pasquale De Luca
1 and
Maria Immacolata Ferrante
1,2,*
1
Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy
2
Oceanography Section, National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS), 34151 Trieste, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(12), 1941; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121941
Submission received: 20 October 2022 / Revised: 29 November 2022 / Accepted: 6 December 2022 / Published: 7 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Regulation of Cell Decision Making: Lessons from Marine Organisms)
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Abstract

Diatoms are photosynthetic microorganisms playing a key role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems; they are at the base of the food web and are the main drivers of biogeochemical processes. These microalgae have a unique diplontic life cycle in which the vegetative phase entails a cell size reduction that would lead to the extinction of the cell population if the size was not restored, usually by sexual reproduction. The switch from asexual to sexual reproduction needs to be finely synchronized and regulated to ensure its success; to this aim, cells evolved complex chemical crosstalk that mediates mating. We focused our attention on the marine diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata, investigating the reciprocal perception of the opposite mating type (MT) and the genes and signaling molecules putatively involved in the process. From previously available transcriptomic data, we selected a panel of genes deregulated during the early phase of sexual reproduction, confirming for some of them a role during mate perception and establishing a hierarchy governing their behavior. Moreover, we explored the nature of the molecules controlling sexual reproduction in this species, unveiling that the signaling is mediated by the secretion of protein and non-protein cues from the MT− and MT+, respectively. Our results point to a model in which the two MTs stimulate each other, but the stimulation by the MT− is amplified after MT+ perception in a positive feedback manner.
Keywords: sexual reproduction; mate perception; diatom; Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata; gene expression sexual reproduction; mate perception; diatom; Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata; gene expression

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MDPI and ACS Style

Marotta, P.; Borgonuovo, C.; Santin, A.; Russo, M.T.; Manfellotto, F.; Montresor, M.; De Luca, P.; Ferrante, M.I. Mate Perception and Gene Networks Regulating the Early Phase of Sex in Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10, 1941. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121941

AMA Style

Marotta P, Borgonuovo C, Santin A, Russo MT, Manfellotto F, Montresor M, De Luca P, Ferrante MI. Mate Perception and Gene Networks Regulating the Early Phase of Sex in Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022; 10(12):1941. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121941

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marotta, Pina, Camilla Borgonuovo, Anna Santin, Monia Teresa Russo, Francesco Manfellotto, Marina Montresor, Pasquale De Luca, and Maria Immacolata Ferrante. 2022. "Mate Perception and Gene Networks Regulating the Early Phase of Sex in Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12: 1941. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121941

APA Style

Marotta, P., Borgonuovo, C., Santin, A., Russo, M. T., Manfellotto, F., Montresor, M., De Luca, P., & Ferrante, M. I. (2022). Mate Perception and Gene Networks Regulating the Early Phase of Sex in Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(12), 1941. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121941

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