Mechanism of Mechanical Analysis on Torsional Buckling of U-Shaped Bellows in FLNG Cryogenic Hoses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Linear Buckling Analysis of Bellows under Torque
2.1. Bellow Models
2.2. Linear Torsional Buckling Mode
2.3. Torsional Buckling Performance Influenced by Convolution Number
2.4. Torsional Buckling Performance Influenced by Convolution Pitch
2.5. Torsional Buckling Performance Influenced by Convolution Depth
2.6. Torsional Buckling Performance Influenced by Wall Thickness
3. Post-Buckling of Torsional Buckling Analysis of Bellows
3.1. Torsional Buckling Experiment
3.2. Post-Buckling Analysis of Bellows
3.3. The Influence of Geometric Structural Defects on the Post-Buckling Analysis of Bellows under Torsional Loads
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The mechanism of mechanical analysis on torsional buckling of U-shaped bellows in FLNG cryogenic hoses was carried out. The reason for becoming a spiral mode during torsional deformation of the bellows with a large slenderness ratio was that warping internal forces and tangential displacements were generated. The type of torsional buckling of U-shaped bellows at this time belonged to column instability.
- (2)
- There were two kinds of torsional buckling modes of bellows, including column instability and plane instability. When the slenderness ratio of the bellows was small (slenderness ratio was less than 1), the plane instability mode could occur, and the critical torque of the spiral bellows was larger than that of the toroid bellows. When the slenderness ratio of the bellows was large (slenderness ratio was larger than 1), the column instability mode could occur, and the critical torque of the spiral bellows was smaller than that of the toroid bellows.
- (3)
- In the sensitivity analysis of structural parameters of bellows in torsional buckling, the critical torque of the bellows decreased with the increase of convolution number or convolution depth and increased with the increase of convolution pitch or wall thickness.
- (4)
- As the extension of torsional buckling analysis, post-buckling behavior was analyzed by means of experiment and finite element simulation. Critical torque value in FE model was compared with experimental results, showed that the error of critical torque was only about 3.3% and the deformation of the bellows presented the same changing trends and instability modes.
- (5)
- It was analyzed that the most likely reason of the error of 3.3% was the decrease of the thickness of bellows. After considering and correcting the defects of numerical model, the errors of the results obtained in this work were controlled to only about 0.9%. Therefore, the effect of the decrease of the bellows thickness on post-buckling instability performance had to be considered in practical engineering designs.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Structural Parameters (mm) | Material Parameters | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 | R0 | d | h | q | Elasticity Modulus (GPa) | Poisson’s Ratio |
17.00 | 11.75 | 0.10 | 5.25 | 2.20 | 103.00 | 0.30 |
Convolution Number | Toroid Bellows | Spiral Bellows | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Critical Torque (N·m) | Instability Model | Critical Torque (N·m) | Instability Model | |
3 | 2.94 | Plane instability | 3.64 | Plane instability |
5 | 2.44 | Plane instability | 2.51 | Plane instability |
10 | 2.21 | Column instability | 2.16 | Column instability |
20 | 2.14 | Column instability | 2.01 | Column instability |
30 | 2.12 | Column instability | 1.84 | Column instability |
Convolution Pitch (mm) | Critical Torque (N·m) | |
---|---|---|
Toroid Bellows | Spiral Bellows | |
2.0 | 1.81 | 1.78 |
3.2 | 2.12 | 1.84 |
4.0 | 2.67 | 2.25 |
5.0 | 3.92 | 2.96 |
6.0 | 5.68 | 3.95 |
Structural Parameters (mm) | Material Parameters | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 | R0 | d | h | q | Elasticity Modulus (GPa) | Poisson’s Ratio | Yield Stress (MPa) |
31.38 | 25.38 | 0.38 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 193.00 | 0.30 | 298 |
Analysis Method | Critical Torque Value (N·m) | Error (%) |
---|---|---|
Experimental results | 109.85 | - |
FE model results | 113.50 | 3.3 |
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Yan, J.; Ying, X.; Cao, H.; Xiong, F.; Zhang, K.; Yang, Z. Mechanism of Mechanical Analysis on Torsional Buckling of U-Shaped Bellows in FLNG Cryogenic Hoses. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10, 1405. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101405
Yan J, Ying X, Cao H, Xiong F, Zhang K, Yang Z. Mechanism of Mechanical Analysis on Torsional Buckling of U-Shaped Bellows in FLNG Cryogenic Hoses. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022; 10(10):1405. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101405
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan, Jun, Xipeng Ying, Huixin Cao, Feiyu Xiong, Kailun Zhang, and Zhixun Yang. 2022. "Mechanism of Mechanical Analysis on Torsional Buckling of U-Shaped Bellows in FLNG Cryogenic Hoses" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10: 1405. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101405