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Agriculture
Volume 15
Issue 22
10.3390/agriculture15222379
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Review

A Review on the Chassis Configurations and Key Technologies of Agricultural Robots

by
Renkai Ding
1,2,*,
Xiangyuan Qi
2,3,
Xiangpeng Meng
1,
Xuwen Chen
1,
Le Zhang
1,
Yixin Mei
3,
Anze Li
1 and
Qing Ye
1
1
Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2
Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
3
School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agriculture 2025, 15(22), 2379; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222379
Submission received: 26 September 2025 / Revised: 6 November 2025 / Accepted: 17 November 2025 / Published: 18 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Technology)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The chassis configuration serves as the mobility foundation of agricultural robots, directly determining their trafficability, stability, and intelligent operation in complex fields. Existing research lacks a systematic analysis of the evolution and adaptation principles of mainstream chassis technologies. This review addresses this gap by proposing a dual-dimensional framework—“structural design principles and dynamic adaptive control”—to evaluate wheeled, tracked, and wheel-legged hybrid chassis. Our analysis reveals that (1) wheeled chassis achieve refinement through efficiency-driven operation in structured environments but are limited by rigid wheel–ground contact; (2) tracked chassis enhance performance on soft or sloped terrain via technologies like contour-adaptive tracks, albeit with increased energy consumption; and (3) wheel-legged hybrid chassis represent a shift towards active terrain overcoming, offering superior adaptability at the cost of high control complexity. Finally, we synthesize persistent challenges and identify future breakthroughs in terrain–vehicle coupled modeling and multi-modal control, which will drive the evolution towards intelligent, mechatronic–hydraulic integrated platforms.
Keywords: agricultural robots; chassis configuration; operational scenarios; key technologies; development trends agricultural robots; chassis configuration; operational scenarios; key technologies; development trends

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ding, R.; Qi, X.; Meng, X.; Chen, X.; Zhang, L.; Mei, Y.; Li, A.; Ye, Q. A Review on the Chassis Configurations and Key Technologies of Agricultural Robots. Agriculture 2025, 15, 2379. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222379

AMA Style

Ding R, Qi X, Meng X, Chen X, Zhang L, Mei Y, Li A, Ye Q. A Review on the Chassis Configurations and Key Technologies of Agricultural Robots. Agriculture. 2025; 15(22):2379. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222379

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ding, Renkai, Xiangyuan Qi, Xiangpeng Meng, Xuwen Chen, Le Zhang, Yixin Mei, Anze Li, and Qing Ye. 2025. "A Review on the Chassis Configurations and Key Technologies of Agricultural Robots" Agriculture 15, no. 22: 2379. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222379

APA Style

Ding, R., Qi, X., Meng, X., Chen, X., Zhang, L., Mei, Y., Li, A., & Ye, Q. (2025). A Review on the Chassis Configurations and Key Technologies of Agricultural Robots. Agriculture, 15(22), 2379. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222379

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