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Volume 15
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10.3390/agriculture15222365
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Article

Optimization of a Low-Loss Peanut Mechanized Shelling Technology Based on Moisture Content, Flexible Materials, and Key Operating Parameters

by
Xuan Liao
1,
Tao Liu
1,
Jiannan Wang
2,*,
Minji Liu
1,
Chenyang Sun
1,
Jiyou An
1,
Huanxiong Xie
1,
Zhichao Hu
1,
Yi Shen
3 and
Hai Wei
1,*
1
Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
2
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agriculture 2025, 15(22), 2365; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222365
Submission received: 29 September 2025 / Revised: 23 October 2025 / Accepted: 11 November 2025 / Published: 14 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Technology)
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Abstract

In order to address the problems of high mechanical damage rate (MDR) and poor variety adaptability in mechanical peanut shelling, this paper improves a small, flexible arc-plates drum–circular grid bar concave screen-type peanut-shelling device. Firstly, by combining the Hertz theory and the Weibull distribution model, the shelling and separation models of drums of rigid rods and flexible arc-plates were established. Through comparative analysis, it was verified that the latter has a lower MDR and energy consumption and has excellent shelling performance. Then, through single-factor experiments and an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), the influence laws of peanut moisture content, drum speed, shelling spacing, and hardness of flexible material (silicone) on the MDR and shelling efficiency (SE) were explored. Subsequently, Box–Behnken’s four-factor three-level regression experiments were carried out, and the optimal shelling operation parameters were obtained by using the response surface multi-objective optimization method (RSM) and verified experiments. The results show that when moisture content is 11%, drum speed is 227 rpm, shelling spacing is 24 mm, and silicone hardness is 40 HA, the kernel’s MDR after shelling is 4.73%, which is reduced by 5.51% and the SE is 95.21%, which is increased by 3%. The R2 and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the actual value versus the predicted value of the model were 0.9921, 0.9624, 7.99 × 10−2, and 3.1 × 10−3, respectively. The relevant research provides references for reducing losses, improving quality, and applying new materials for components in mechanical peanut shelling.
Keywords: peanut shelling; low-loss; multi-objective optimization; model prediction peanut shelling; low-loss; multi-objective optimization; model prediction

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Liao, X.; Liu, T.; Wang, J.; Liu, M.; Sun, C.; An, J.; Xie, H.; Hu, Z.; Shen, Y.; Wei, H. Optimization of a Low-Loss Peanut Mechanized Shelling Technology Based on Moisture Content, Flexible Materials, and Key Operating Parameters. Agriculture 2025, 15, 2365. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222365

AMA Style

Liao X, Liu T, Wang J, Liu M, Sun C, An J, Xie H, Hu Z, Shen Y, Wei H. Optimization of a Low-Loss Peanut Mechanized Shelling Technology Based on Moisture Content, Flexible Materials, and Key Operating Parameters. Agriculture. 2025; 15(22):2365. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222365

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liao, Xuan, Tao Liu, Jiannan Wang, Minji Liu, Chenyang Sun, Jiyou An, Huanxiong Xie, Zhichao Hu, Yi Shen, and Hai Wei. 2025. "Optimization of a Low-Loss Peanut Mechanized Shelling Technology Based on Moisture Content, Flexible Materials, and Key Operating Parameters" Agriculture 15, no. 22: 2365. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222365

APA Style

Liao, X., Liu, T., Wang, J., Liu, M., Sun, C., An, J., Xie, H., Hu, Z., Shen, Y., & Wei, H. (2025). Optimization of a Low-Loss Peanut Mechanized Shelling Technology Based on Moisture Content, Flexible Materials, and Key Operating Parameters. Agriculture, 15(22), 2365. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222365

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