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Volume 15
Issue 11
10.3390/agriculture15111131
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Nitrate Nitrogen Quantification via Ultraviolet Absorbance: A Case Study in Agricultural and Horticultural Regions in Central China

by
Yiheng Zang
1,†,
Jing Chen
1,†,
Muhammad Awais
1,
Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem
1,
Moshood Abiodun Yusuff
1,
Kuan Geng
1,
Yongqi Chen
1,
Yani Xiong
1,
Linze Li
1,
Yanyan Zhang
1,
Vijaya Raghavan
2,
Jiandong Hu
1,3,*,
Junfeng Wu
1 and
Guoqing Zhao
4,*
1
Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agriculture Sciences, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
2
Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Studies, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
3
State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China
4
School of Management, Swansea University, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Agriculture 2025, 15(11), 1131; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15111131
Submission received: 2 April 2025 / Revised: 22 May 2025 / Accepted: 22 May 2025 / Published: 23 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Soils)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) is a key indicator of agricultural non-point source pollution. The ultraviolet (UV) dual-wavelength method is widely used for NO3−-N detection, but interference from complex soil organic matter affects its accuracy. This study investigated how organic matter influences NO3−-N detection by optimizing UV dual-wavelength combinations. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed slight spectral broadening of fulvic and humic acids in the presence of NO3−-N under UV spectrum. Standard solutions and soil samples were used to compare the detection performance of different wavelength pairs. The findings indicated that the dual-wavelength combination of 235 nm/275 nm is optimal rather than 220 nm/275 nm for measuring soil samples at NO3−-N concentrations exceeding 5 mg·L−1. The 235/275 nm method gave an average calibration coefficient of 1.57. Compared to the national standard and flow analysis methods, the average relative errors were 19.7% and 22.3% (p < 0.001), respectively, indicating its suitability for practical soil applications. These results demonstrate the method’s potential for rapid and accurate NO3−-N detection in real soil samples, supporting its application in environmental monitoring and agricultural management.
Keywords: nitrate nitrogen in soil; ultraviolet dual-wavelength; agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPS); soil organic matter; calibration coefficient nitrate nitrogen in soil; ultraviolet dual-wavelength; agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPS); soil organic matter; calibration coefficient

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zang, Y.; Chen, J.; Awais, M.; Abdulraheem, M.I.; Yusuff, M.A.; Geng, K.; Chen, Y.; Xiong, Y.; Li, L.; Zhang, Y.; et al. Nitrate Nitrogen Quantification via Ultraviolet Absorbance: A Case Study in Agricultural and Horticultural Regions in Central China. Agriculture 2025, 15, 1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15111131

AMA Style

Zang Y, Chen J, Awais M, Abdulraheem MI, Yusuff MA, Geng K, Chen Y, Xiong Y, Li L, Zhang Y, et al. Nitrate Nitrogen Quantification via Ultraviolet Absorbance: A Case Study in Agricultural and Horticultural Regions in Central China. Agriculture. 2025; 15(11):1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15111131

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zang, Yiheng, Jing Chen, Muhammad Awais, Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem, Moshood Abiodun Yusuff, Kuan Geng, Yongqi Chen, Yani Xiong, Linze Li, Yanyan Zhang, and et al. 2025. "Nitrate Nitrogen Quantification via Ultraviolet Absorbance: A Case Study in Agricultural and Horticultural Regions in Central China" Agriculture 15, no. 11: 1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15111131

APA Style

Zang, Y., Chen, J., Awais, M., Abdulraheem, M. I., Yusuff, M. A., Geng, K., Chen, Y., Xiong, Y., Li, L., Zhang, Y., Raghavan, V., Hu, J., Wu, J., & Zhao, G. (2025). Nitrate Nitrogen Quantification via Ultraviolet Absorbance: A Case Study in Agricultural and Horticultural Regions in Central China. Agriculture, 15(11), 1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15111131

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