Increased Risk of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Definition of Rheumatoid Arthritis
2.3. Definition of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
2.4. Participant Selection
2.5. Covariates
2.6. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Kearsley-Fleet, L.; Heaf, E.; Davies, R.; Baildam, E.; Beresford, M.W.; Foster, H.E.; Southwood, T.R.; Thomson, W.; Hyrich, K.L.; BCRD; et al. Frequency of biologic switching and the outcomes of switching in children and young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A national cohort study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2020, 2, e217–e226. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Smolen, J.S.; Aletaha, D.; McInnes, I.B. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 2016, 388, 2023–2038. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gonzalez-Chavez, S.A.; Pacheco-Tena, C.; de Jesus Caraveo-Frescas, T.; Quinonez-Flores, C.M.; Reyes-Cordero, G.; Campos-Torres, R.M. Oral health and orofacial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. Int. 2020, 40, 445–453. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Koh, E.T.; Yap, A.U.; Koh, C.K.; Chee, T.S.; Chan, S.P.; Boudville, I.C. Temporomandibular disorders in rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 1999, 26, 1918–1922. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Donaldson, K.W. Rheumatoid diseases and the temporomandibular joint: A review. Cranio 1995, 13, 264–269. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Carlens, C.; Hergens, M.P.; Grunewald, J.; Ekbom, A.; Eklund, A.; Hoglund, C.O.; Askling, J. Smoking, use of moist snuff, and risk of chronic inflammatory diseases. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010, 181, 1217–1222. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Murphy, D.; Bellis, K.; Hutchinson, D. Occupational dust and cigarette smoke exposure might link rheumatoid arthritis to COPD. Lancet Respir. Med. 2018, 6, e36. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liao, K.P.; Alfredsson, L.; Karlson, E.W. Environmental influences on risk for rheumatoid arthritis. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 2009, 21, 279–283. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Soo, J.; Eldeiry, D.; Katz, S. Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Edmonton and Northern Alberta. Clin. Rheumatol. 2020. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Cohen, S.B.; Dore, R.K.; Lane, N.E.; Ory, P.A.; Peterfy, C.G.; Sharp, J.T.; van der Heijde, D.; Zhou, L.; Tsuji, W.; Newmark, R.; et al. Denosumab treatment effects on structural damage, bone mineral density, and bone turnover in rheumatoid arthritis: A twelve-month, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58, 1299–1309. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kourilovitch, M.; Galarza-Maldonado, C.; Ortiz-Prado, E. Diagnosis and classification of rheumatoid arthritis. J. Autoimmun. 2014, 48–49, 26–30. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Scott, D.L.; Wolfe, F.; Huizinga, T.W. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 2010, 376, 1094–1108. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gylys-Morin, V.M.; Graham, T.B.; Blebea, J.S.; Dardzinski, B.J.; Laor, T.; Johnson, N.D.; Oestreich, A.E.; Passo, M.H. Knee in early juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: MR imaging findings. Radiology 2001, 220, 696–706. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sugimoto, H.; Takeda, A.; Hyodoh, K. Early-stage rheumatoid arthritis: Prospective study of the effectiveness of MR imaging for diagnosis. Radiology 2000, 216, 569–575. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kretapirom, K.; Okochi, K.; Nakamura, S.; Tetsumura, A.; Ohbayashi, N.; Yoshino, N.; Kurabayashi, T. MRI characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis in the temporomandibular joint. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 2013, 42, 31627230. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Farronato, G.; Carletti, V.; Giannini, L.; Farronato, D.; Maspero, C. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis with temporomandibular joint involvement: Functional treatment. Eur. J. Paediatr. Dent. 2011, 12, 131–134. [Google Scholar]
- Van Tuyl, L.H.; Vlad, S.C.; Felson, D.T.; Wells, G.; Boers, M. Defining remission in rheumatoid arthritis: Results of an initial American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism consensus conference. Arthritis Rheum. 2009, 61, 704–710. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Van Tuyl, L.H.; Felson, D.T.; Wells, G.; Smolen, J.; Zhang, B.; Boers, M.; American College of Reumatology; European League against Rheumatism Committee to Define Remission for Clinical Trial. Evidence for predictive validity of remission on long-term outcome in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review. Arthritis Care Res. (Hoboken) 2010, 62, 108–117. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Tanaka, E.; Detamore, M.S.; Mercuri, L.G. Degenerative disorders of the temporomandibular joint: Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. J. Dent. Res. 2008, 87, 296–307. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Manfredini, D.; Guarda-Nardini, L.; Winocur, E.; Piccotti, F.; Ahlberg, J.; Lobbezoo, F. Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review of axis I epidemiologic findings. Oral Surg Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. 2011, 112, 453–462. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bracco, P.; Debernardi, C.; Piancino, M.G.; Cirigliano, M.F.; Salvetti, G.; Bazzichi, L.; De Feo, F.; Bosco, M. Evaluation of the stomatognathic system in patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders. Cranio 2010, 28, 181–186. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Brooks, S.L.; Westesson, P.L.; Eriksson, L.; Hansson, L.G.; Barsotti, J.B. Prevalence of osseous changes in the temporomandibular joint of asymptomatic persons without internal derangement. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. 1992, 73, 118–122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Graff-Radford, S.B. Temporomandibular disorders and headache. Dent. Clin. N. Am. 2007, 51, 129–144. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Schiffman, E.; Ohrbach, R.; Truelove, E.; Look, J.; Anderson, G.; Goulet, J.P.; List, T.; Svensson, P.; Gonzalez, Y.; Lobbezoo, F.; et al. Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications: Recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network* and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Groupdagger. J. Oral Facial Pain Headache 2014, 28, 6–27. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ohrbach, R.; Dworkin, S.F. The Evolution of TMD Diagnosis: Past, Present, Future. J. Dent. Res. 2016, 95, 1093–1101. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Di Paolo, C.; Costanzo, G.D.; Panti, F.; Rampello, A.; Falisi, G.; Pilloni, A.; Cascone, P.; Iannetti, G. Epidemiological analysis on 2375 patients with TMJ disorders: Basic statistical aspects. Ann. Stomatol. (Roma) 2013, 4, 161–169. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Greene, C.S.; Laskin, D.M. Long-term status of TMJ clicking in patients with myofascial pain and dysfunction. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 1988, 117, 461–465. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bayar, N.; Kara, S.A.; Keles, I.; Koc, M.C.; Altinok, D.; Orkun, S. Temporomandibular joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: A radiological and clinical study. Cranio 2002, 20, 105–110. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arvidsson, L.Z.; Smith, H.J.; Flato, B.; Larheim, T.A. Temporomandibular joint findings in adults with long-standing juvenile idiopathic arthritis: CT and MR imaging assessment. Radiology 2010, 256, 191–200. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Avrahami, E.; Segal, R.; Solomon, A.; Garti, A.; Horowitz, I.; Caspi, D.; Wigler, I.; Yaron, M. Direct coronal high resolution computed tomography of the temporomandibular joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 1989, 16, 298–301. [Google Scholar]
- Goupille, P.; Fouquet, B.; Cotty, P.; Goga, D.; Valat, J.P. Direct coronal computed tomography of the temporomandibular joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Br. J. Radiol. 1992, 65, 955–960. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Farronato, M.; Cavagnetto, D.; Abate, A.; Cressoni, P.; Fama, A.; Maspero, C. Assessment of condylar volume and ramus height in JIA patients with unilateral and bilateral TMJ involvement: Retrospective case-control study. Clin. Oral Investig. 2020, 24, 2635–2643. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kim, S.Y.; Min, C.; Oh, D.J.; Choi, H.G. Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are related to benign parotid tumor: A nested case-control study using a national health screening cohort. Clin. Exp. Otorhinolaryngol. 2019, 12, 412–419. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Byun, S.H.; Min, C.; Park, I.S.; Kim, H.; Kim, S.K.; Park, B.J.; Choi, H.G.; Hong, S.J. Increased risk of chronic periodontitis in chronic rhinosinusitis patients: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national health-screening cohort. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 1170. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Sung, Y.K.; Cho, S.K.; Choi, C.B.; Bae, S.C. Prevalence and incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in South Korea. Rheumatol. Int. 2013, 33, 1525–1532. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cho, S.K.; Sung, Y.K.; Choi, C.B.; Kwon, J.M.; Lee, E.K.; Bae, S.C. Development of an algorithm for identifying rheumatoid arthritis in the Korean National Health Insurance claims database. Rheumatol. Int. 2013, 33, 2985–2992. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Byun, S.H.; Yoo, D.M.; Lee, J.W.; Choi, H.G. Analyzing the Association between hyperuricemia and periodontitis: A cross-sectional study using KoGES HEXA data. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4777. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Byun, S.H.M.; Min, C.; Kim, Y.B.; Kim, H.; Kang, S.H.; Park, B.J.; Wee, J.H.; Choi, H.G.; Hong, S.J. Analysis of chronic periodontitis in tonsillectomy patients: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national health screening cohort. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 3663. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Byun, S.H.; Lee, S.; Kang, S.H.; Choi, H.G.; Hong, S.J. Cross-sectional analysis of the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease using the Korean genome and epidemiology study data. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 5237. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Byun, S.H.; Min, C.; Hong, S.J.; Choi, H.G.; Koh, D.H. Analysis of the relation between periodontitis and chronic gastritis/peptic ulcer: A cross-sectional study using KoGES HEXA data. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4387. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- WHO/WPRO/SEARO meeting on DengueNet implementation in south-east Asia and the western Pacific, Kuala Lumpur, 11–13 December 2004. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec. 2004, 79, 57–62.
- Quan, H.; Li, B.; Couris, C.M.; Fushimi, K.; Graham, P.; Hider, P.; Januel, J.M.; Sundararajan, V. Updating and validating the Charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2011, 173, 676–682. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Quan, H.; Sundararajan, V.; Halfon, P.; Fong, A.; Burnand, B.; Luthi, J.C.; Saunders, L.D.; Beck, C.A.; Feasby, T.E.; Ghali, W.A. Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data. Med. Care 2005, 43, 1130–1139. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hajati, A.K.; Alstergren, P.; Nasstrom, K.; Bratt, J.; Kopp, S. Endogenous glutamate in association with inflammatory and hormonal factors modulates bone tissue resorption of the temporomandibular joint in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2009, 67, 1895–1903. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ahmed, N.; Mustafa, H.M.; Catrina, A.I.; Alstergren, P. Impact of temporomandibular joint pain in rheumatoid arthritis. Mediat. Inflamm. 2013, 2013, 597419. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Voog, U.; Alstergren, P.; Leibur, E.; Kallikorm, R.; Kopp, S. Impact of temporomandibular joint pain on activities of daily living in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Acta Odontol. Scand. 2003, 61, 278–282. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rehan, O.M.; Saleh, H.A.K.; Raffat, H.A.; Abu-Taleb, N.S. Osseous changes in the temporomandibular joint in rheumatoid arthritis: A cone-beam computed tomography study. Imaging Sci. Dent. 2018, 48, 1–9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Hirahara, N.; Kaneda, T.; Muraoka, H.; Fukuda, T.; Ito, K.; Kawashima, Y. Characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings in rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint: Focus on abnormal bone marrow signal of the mandibular condyle, pannus, and lymph node swelling in the parotid glands. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2017, 75, 735–741. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maspero, C.; Farronato, M.; Bellincioni, F.; Cavagnetto, D.; Abate, A. Assessing mandibular body changes in growing subjects: A comparison of CBCT and reconstructed lateral cephalogram measurements. Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 11722. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Uchiyama, Y.; Murakami, S.; Furukawa, S. Temporomandibular joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using magnetic resonance imaging. Clin. Rheumatol. 2013, 32, 1613–1618. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Al-Shwaikh, H.; Urtane, I.; Pirttiniemi, P.; Pesonen, P.; Krisjane, Z.; Jankovska, I.; Davidsone, Z.; Stanevica, V. Radiologic features of temporomandibular joint osseous structures in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Cone beam computed tomography study. Stomatologija 2016, 18, 51–60. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Pantoja, L.L.Q.; de Toledo, I.P.; Pupo, Y.M.; Porporatti, A.L.; De Luca Canto, G.; Zwir, L.F.; Guerra, E.N.S. Prevalence of degenerative joint disease of the temporomandibular joint: A systematic review. Clin. Oral Investig. 2019, 23, 2475–2488. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bae, S.; Park, M.S.; Han, J.W.; Kim, Y.J. Correlation between pain and degenerative bony changes on cone-beam computed tomography images of temporomandibular joints. Maxillofac. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2017, 39, 19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Kurtoglu, C.; Kurkcu, M.; Sertdemir, Y.; Ozbek, S.; Gurbuz, C.C. Temporomandibular disorders in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A clinical study. Niger. J. Clin. Pract. 2016, 19, 715–720. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Trieger, N.; Hoffman, C.H.; Rodriguez, E. The effect of arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 1999, 57, 537–540. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ferri, J.; Potier, J.; Maes, J.M.; Rakotomalala, H.; Lauwers, L.; Cotelle, M.; Nicot, R. Temporomandibular joint arthritis: Clinical, orthodontic, orthopaedic and surgical approaches. Int. Orthod. 2018, 16, 545–561. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Characteristics | Total Participants | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rheumatoid Arthritis (n, %) | Control (n, %) | p-Value | ||
Age (years old) | 1.000 | |||
40–44 | 109 (3.5) | 436 (3.5) | ||
45–49 | 364 (11.7) | 1456 (11.7) | ||
50–54 | 679 (21.8) | 2716 (21.8) | ||
55–59 | 585 (18.7) | 2340 (18.7) | ||
60–64 | 546 (17.5) | 2184 (17.5) | ||
65–69 | 427 (13.7) | 1708 (13.7) | ||
70–74 | 240 (7.7) | 960 (7.7) | ||
75–79 | 132 (4.2) | 528 (4.2) | ||
80–84 | 35 (1.1) | 140 (1.1) | ||
85+ | 5 (0.2) | 20 (0.2) | ||
Sex | 1.000 | |||
Male | 841 (26.9) | 3364 (26.9) | ||
Female | 2281 (73.1) | 9124 (73.1) | ||
Income | 1.000 | |||
1 (lowest) | 526 (16.9) | 2104 (16.9) | ||
2 | 472 (15.1) | 1888 (15.1) | ||
3 | 536 (17.2) | 2144 (17.2) | ||
4 | 661 (21.2) | 2644 (21.2) | ||
5 (highest) | 927 (29.7) | 3708 (29.7) | ||
Region of residence | 1.000 | |||
Urban | 1344 (43.1) | 5376 (43.1) | ||
Rural | 1778 (57.0) | 7112 (57.0) | ||
Obesity † | ||||
Underweight | 61 (2.0) | 282 (2.3) | 0.334 | |
Normal | 1189 (38.1) | 4559 (36.5) | ||
Overweight | 821 (26.3) | 3368 (27.0) | ||
Obese I | 960 (30.8) | 3862 (30.9) | ||
Obese II | 91 (2.9) | 417 (3.3) | ||
Smoking status | 0.570 | |||
Nonsmoker | 2562 (82.1) | 10,348 (82.9) | ||
Past smoker | 213 (6.8) | 817 (6.5) | ||
Current smoker | 347 (11.1) | 1323 (10.6) | ||
Alcohol consumption | 0.081 | |||
<1 time a week | 2516 (80.6) | 9888 (79.2) | ||
≥1 time a week | 606 (19.4) | 2600 (20.8) | ||
Systolic blood pressure | 0.001 * | |||
<120 mmHg | 1013 (32.5) | 4055 (32.5) | ||
120–139 mmHg | 1511 (48.4) | 5693 (45.6) | ||
≥140 mmHg | 598 (19.2) | 2740 (21.9) | ||
Diastolic blood pressure | 0.030 * | |||
<80 mmHg | 1536 (49.2) | 5886 (47.1) | ||
80–89 mmHg | 1062 (34.0) | 4274 (34.2) | ||
≥90 mmHg | 524 (16.8) | 2328 (18.6) | ||
Fasting blood glucose | 0.009 * | |||
<100 mg/dL | 2182 (69.9) | 8382 (67.1) | ||
100–125 mg/dL | 727 (23.3) | 3124 (25.0) | ||
≥126 mg/dL | 213 (6.8) | 982 (7.9) | ||
Total cholesterol | 0.156 | |||
<200 mg/dL | 1628 (52.2) | 6278 (50.3) | ||
200–239 mg/dL | 1043 (33.4) | 4297 (34.4) | ||
≥240 mg/dL | 451 (14.5) | 1913 (15.3) | ||
CCI score | <0.001 * | |||
0 | 1732 (55.5) | 8917 (71.4) | ||
1 | 744 (23.8) | 1683 (13.5) | ||
2 | 296 (9.5) | 881 (7.1) | ||
3 | 159 (5.1) | 424 (3.4) | ||
≥4 | 191 (6.1) | 583 (4.7) | ||
Temporomandibular joint disorder | 43 (1.4) | 64 (0.5) | <0.001 * |
Characteristics | Hazard Ratios for Temporomandibular Joint Disorder | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude † | p-Value | Adjusted †‡ | p-Value | ||
Total participants (n = 15,610) | |||||
Rheumatoid arthritis | 2.70 (1.83–3.97) | <0.001 * | 2.52 (1.70–3.74) | <0.001 * | |
Control | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Age < 60 years old, men (n = 2045) | |||||
Rheumatoid arthritis | 2.76 (0.78–9.80) | 0.116 | 1.98 (0.47–8.35) | 0.352 | |
Control | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Age < 60 years old, women (n = 6640) | |||||
Rheumatoid arthritis | 2.13 (1.18–3.83) | 0.012 * | 1.96 (1.08–3.55) | 0.027 * | |
Control | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Age ≥ 60 years old, men (n = 2160) | |||||
Rheumatoid arthritis | 4.77 (1.45–15.65) | 0.010 * | 5.97 (1.63–21.92) | 0.007 * | |
Control | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Age ≥ 60 years old, women (n = 4765) | |||||
Rheumatoid arthritis | 3.06 (1.60–5.86) | 0.001 * | 2.98 (1.52–5.84) | 0.001 * | |
Control | 1.00 | 1.00 |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Byun, S.-H.; Min, C.; Choi, H.-G.; Hong, S.-J. Increased Risk of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 3005. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093005
Byun S-H, Min C, Choi H-G, Hong S-J. Increased Risk of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(9):3005. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093005
Chicago/Turabian StyleByun, Soo-Hwan, Chanyang Min, Hyo-Geun Choi, and Seok-Jin Hong. 2020. "Increased Risk of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 3005. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093005