TGF-β Signaling in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Progress in Basic and Clinical Research
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Role of TGF-β in Cancer
2.1. Significance of TGF-β Expression in Gastrointestinal Cancers
2.2. Role of TGFBI in Cancer
2.3. TGFBI in Gastrointestinal Cancers
2.3.1. Esophageal Cancer
2.3.2. Gastric Cancer
2.3.3. Pancreatic and Biliary Cancer
2.3.4. Colorectal Cancer
3. TGF-β and TGFBI as Molecular Targets
4. Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tumor Type | Significance | PMID Reference |
---|---|---|
Esophageal tumor | TGFBI expression was higher in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of tumors as compared to normal tissues. | 19082484 |
High TGFBI was associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in esophageal cancer. | 25448803 | |
Gastric tumor | TGFBI overexpression in stomach tissue of TGFBI knock-in mice caused gastric tumors. Serum TGFBI level was higher in gastric cancer than in non-cancer patients. | 25889002 |
Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced TGFBI expression in co-cultured gastric cancer cells. | 22688186 | |
Pancreatic and biliary tumor | Serum TGFBI expression was higher in pancreatic and biliary carcinoma patients than in non-cancer patients. | 25889002 |
TGFBI expression in pancreas inhibited T-cell activation and production of cytotoxic molecules including granzyme B and interferon-γ via suppression of Lck tyrosine kinase. | 26470788 | |
TGFBI was overexpressed in pancreatic cancer stem cells. | 23679566 | |
Proteomic analysis revealed that TGFBI was upregulated in pancreatic cancer as compared to non-cancer tissues. | 21755970 | |
TGF-β induced TGFBI mRNA expression in pancreatic cancer cells as compared to normal control tissue. | 12379307 | |
TGFBI was overexpressed in non-Opisthorchis viverrini-related intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. | 17006947 | |
TGFBI upregulation was associated with sarcomatous changes such as EMT induction in cholangiocarcinoma. | 19287191 | |
Colorectal tumor | TGFBI mRNA level was higher in colon cancer than in adenomas and non-cancerous tissue. | 11585723 |
TGFBI secretion in colon cancer cells was found to be related to cancer aggressiveness and extravasation. | 18245446 | |
Stromal TGFBI expression was higher in metastatic as compared to normal liver tissue. TGFBI expression was localized in the center part of the metastatic area. | 23832580 |
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Yokobori, T.; Nishiyama, M. TGF-β Signaling in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Progress in Basic and Clinical Research. J. Clin. Med. 2017, 6, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm6010011
Yokobori T, Nishiyama M. TGF-β Signaling in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Progress in Basic and Clinical Research. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2017; 6(1):11. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm6010011
Chicago/Turabian StyleYokobori, Takehiko, and Masahiko Nishiyama. 2017. "TGF-β Signaling in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Progress in Basic and Clinical Research" Journal of Clinical Medicine 6, no. 1: 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm6010011