The Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Trauma: Results from the GRAND Study
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. GRAND Registry
2.2. Study Population and Outcomes
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Kidney Trauma
3.2. Ureteral Trauma
3.3. Urinary Bladder Trauma
3.4. Urethral Trauma
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Kidney Trauma, n = 109,376 | Ureteral Trauma, n = 34,330 | Urinary Bladder Trauma, n = 57,886 | Urethral Trauma, n = 38,065 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Males | 76,562 (70%) | 14,397 (42%) | 22,885 (40%) | 35,910 (94%) |
Age (years) | 47 (24–65) | 60 (48–72) | 63 (47–76) | 74 (58–83) |
Hospital stay (days) | 4 (2–10) | 9 (3–18) | 10 (6–17) | 9 (4–18) |
Hypertension | 25,661 (23%) | 12,721 (37%) | 21,273 (37%) | 18,870 (50%) |
Diabetes | 8817 (8.1%) | 4092 (12%) | 6808 (12%) | 8091 (21%) |
Chronic kidney disease | 7770 (7.1%) | 3186 (9.3%) | 5535 (9.6%) | 7725 (20%) |
Chronic heart failure | 4111 (3.8%) | 1903 (5.5%) | 4165 (7.2%) | 8265 (22%) |
Acute kidney failure | 5496 (5%) | 3065 (8.9%) | 5277 (9.1%) | 4507 (12%) |
Transfusion | 16,748 (15%) | 7530 (22%) | 14,358 (25%) | 7006 (18%) |
ICU admission | 14,171 (13%) | 4604 (13%) | 8825 (15%) | 4606 (12%) |
Mortality | 2618 (2.4%) | 1106 (3.2%) | 2988 (5.2%) | 2454 (6.4%) |
Age group | ||||
<20 | 19,446 (18%) | 349 (1%) | 1244 (2.1%) | 1500 (3.9%) |
20–29 | 13,892 (13%) | 806 (2.3%) | 1777 (3.1%) | 1180 (3.1%) |
30–39 | 10,746 (9.8%) | 2412 (7%) | 5448 (9.4%) | 1467 (3.9%) |
40–49 | 13,124 (12%) | 5431 (16%) | 7542 (13%) | 2194 (5.8%) |
50–59 | 15,490 (14%) | 6958 (20%) | 8625 (15%) | 3342 (8.8%) |
60–69 | 13,605 (12%) | 7257 (21%) | 9978 (17%) | 4792 (13%) |
70–79 | 12,938 (12%) | 7085 (21%) | 12,470 (22%) | 8911 (23%) |
>80 | 10,124 (9.3%) | 4031 (12%) | 10,796 (19%) | 14,660 (39%) |
Characteristic | Kidney Trauma | Ureteral Trauma | Urinary Bladder Trauma | Urethral Trauma |
---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 8.49 | 1.32 | 2.48 | 1.62 |
2006 | 8.42 | 1.34 | 2.29 | 1.53 |
2007 | 7.91 | 1.41 | 2.33 | 1.63 |
2008 | 7.64 | 1.57 | 2.39 | 1.73 |
2009 | 7.77 | 1.57 | 2.51 | 1.98 |
2010 | 7.59 | 1.67 | 2.60 | 2.03 |
2011 | 7.78 | 1.90 | 2.86 | 2.08 |
2012 | 7.52 | 2.02 | 3.11 | 2.13 |
2013 | 7.35 | 2.18 | 3.38 | 2.22 |
2014 | 7.39 | 2.09 | 3.69 | 2.44 |
2015 | 7.27 | 2.31 | 3.95 | 2.58 |
2016 | 7.25 | 2.54 | 4.36 | 2.63 |
2017 | 7.16 | 2.59 | 4.71 | 2.73 |
2018 | 6.92 | 2.80 | 4.64 | 3.08 |
2019 | 6.21 | 3.05 | 4.93 | 3.08 |
2020 | 5.47 | 2.77 | 4.86 | 3.01 |
2021 | 5.12 | 2.68 | 4.88 | 3.14 |
2022 | 4.89 | 2.86 | 4.81 | 3.12 |
2023 | 4.91 | 2.94 | 5.37 | 3.37 |
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Pyrgidis, N.; Marcon, J.; Schulz, G.B.; Keller, P.; Volz, Y.; Eismann, L.; Bischoff, R.; Pfitzinger, P.L.; Chaloupka, M.; Stief, C.; et al. The Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Trauma: Results from the GRAND Study. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 5343. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155343
Pyrgidis N, Marcon J, Schulz GB, Keller P, Volz Y, Eismann L, Bischoff R, Pfitzinger PL, Chaloupka M, Stief C, et al. The Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Trauma: Results from the GRAND Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(15):5343. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155343
Chicago/Turabian StylePyrgidis, Nikolaos, Julian Marcon, Gerald Bastian Schulz, Patrick Keller, Yannic Volz, Lennert Eismann, Robert Bischoff, Paulo L. Pfitzinger, Michael Chaloupka, Christian Stief, and et al. 2025. "The Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Trauma: Results from the GRAND Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 15: 5343. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155343
APA StylePyrgidis, N., Marcon, J., Schulz, G. B., Keller, P., Volz, Y., Eismann, L., Bischoff, R., Pfitzinger, P. L., Chaloupka, M., Stief, C., & Weinhold, P. (2025). The Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Trauma: Results from the GRAND Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(15), 5343. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155343