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10.3390/jcm13247675
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Article

Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Posterior Spine Surgery Using Different Closing Techniques: A Retrospective Study of Two Neurosurgical Centers

by
Granit Molliqaj
1,†,
Sara Lener
2,†,
Michele Da Broi
1,*,
Aria Nouri
1,
Nalla Silva Baticam
3,
Karl Schaller
1,
Claudius Thomé
2,
Pierre-Pascal Girod
2 and
Enrico Tessitore
1
1
Division of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
2
Department of Neurosurgery, Innsbruck University Hospital, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
3
Division of Neurosurgery, Quebec University Hospital, Laval University, 2705 Bd Laurier, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(24), 7675; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247675
Submission received: 30 September 2024 / Revised: 22 November 2024 / Accepted: 5 December 2024 / Published: 16 December 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Orthopedics)
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Abstract

Objectives: To determine whether a closed dressing protocol reduces the surgical site infections (SSI) rate compared to conventional closing techniques. Methods: Patients who underwent lumbar spine surgery at two neurosurgical centers were retrospectively included from June 2015 to December 2019. Data on patients, general risk factors, and surgical risk factors for SSI were collected. Patients were subdivided into two groups: a Closed Protocol where the Dermabond® ± Prineo® dressing system was used, and a Conventional Protocol, namely sutures or staples. Statistical analysis was undertaken to compare the infection rates among the different closure techniques. Results: Altogether, 672 patients were included. In the whole cohort, 157 (23.36%) underwent skin closure with staples, 122 (18.15%) with sutures, 98 (14.58%) with intracutaneous sutures, 78 (11.61%) with Dermabond®, and 217 (32.29%) with Demabond® + Prineo®. The overall infection rate was 2.23% (n = 15). Skin suture had the highest infection rate (4.10%), while the lowest was Dermabond® (1.28%) and Dermabond® + Prineo® (1.4%), though the difference was not significant. Risk factors for SSI included higher BMI (29.46 kg/m2 vs. 26.96 kg/m2, p = 0.044), other sites infection (20.00% vs. 2.38%, p = 0.004), and a higher national nosocomial infections surveillance score (p = 0.003). Conclusions: This study showed that a closed protocol with the use of adhesive dressing with or without mesh had a slight tendency to lower infection rates compared to conventional protocol with sutures or staples, although no statistically significant difference was found between the closure techniques. Larger randomized studies are needed to investigate this potential benefit avoiding selection bias.
Keywords: surgical complication; surgical site infection; spine; surgery surgical complication; surgical site infection; spine; surgery

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MDPI and ACS Style

Molliqaj, G.; Lener, S.; Da Broi, M.; Nouri, A.; Silva Baticam, N.; Schaller, K.; Thomé, C.; Girod, P.-P.; Tessitore, E. Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Posterior Spine Surgery Using Different Closing Techniques: A Retrospective Study of Two Neurosurgical Centers. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 7675. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247675

AMA Style

Molliqaj G, Lener S, Da Broi M, Nouri A, Silva Baticam N, Schaller K, Thomé C, Girod P-P, Tessitore E. Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Posterior Spine Surgery Using Different Closing Techniques: A Retrospective Study of Two Neurosurgical Centers. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(24):7675. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247675

Chicago/Turabian Style

Molliqaj, Granit, Sara Lener, Michele Da Broi, Aria Nouri, Nalla Silva Baticam, Karl Schaller, Claudius Thomé, Pierre-Pascal Girod, and Enrico Tessitore. 2024. "Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Posterior Spine Surgery Using Different Closing Techniques: A Retrospective Study of Two Neurosurgical Centers" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 24: 7675. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247675

APA Style

Molliqaj, G., Lener, S., Da Broi, M., Nouri, A., Silva Baticam, N., Schaller, K., Thomé, C., Girod, P.-P., & Tessitore, E. (2024). Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Posterior Spine Surgery Using Different Closing Techniques: A Retrospective Study of Two Neurosurgical Centers. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(24), 7675. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247675

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