Hypoplastic and Congenital Absence of Coronary Arteries and Its Correlation with Clinical Implications of Cardiac Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bruna-Mejias, Alejandro; del Villar-Valdebenito, Javiera; Roman, Camila; Alcaíno-Adasme, Catalina; Sepulveda-Loyola, Walter; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Suazo-Santibañez, Alejandra; Becerra-Farfan, Alvaro; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José

doi:10.3390/jcm13113085

Open AccessSystematic Review

Hypoplastic and Congenital Absence of Coronary Arteries and Its Correlation with Clinical Implications of Cardiac Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by

Alejandro Bruna-Mejias

¹,

Javiera del Villar-Valdebenito

²,

Camila Roman

³,

Catalina Alcaíno-Adasme

³,

Walter Sepulveda-Loyola

⁴,

Mathias Orellana-Donoso

^5,6,

Pablo Nova-Baeza

³

,

Alejandra Suazo-Santibañez

⁴,

Alvaro Becerra-Farfan

⁷

,

Juan Sanchis-Gimeno

⁸

and

Juan José Valenzuela-Fuenzalida

^3,*

¹

Departamento de Ciencias y Geografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaiso 2360072, Chile

²

Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile

³

Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7500735, Chile

⁴

Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 8320000, Chile

⁵

Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8420524, Chile

⁶

Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago 7501015, Chile

⁷

Departamento de Ciencias Química y Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8320000, Chile

⁸

GIAVAL Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(11), 3085; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113085

Submission received: 18 April 2024 / Revised: 15 May 2024 / Accepted: 21 May 2024 / Published: 24 May 2024

(This article belongs to the Section Cardiovascular Medicine)

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Abstract

Background: Coronary arteries originate from the first portion of the aorta, emerging from the right and left aortic sinuses. They traverse through the subepicardium and coronary sulcus to supply the myocardium during diastolic function. The objective of this review was to understand how the hypoplasia and agenesis of the coronary arteries are associated with cardiac pathologies. Methods: The databases Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS were researched until January 2024. An assurance tool for anatomical studies (AQUA) was used to evaluate methodological quality. The pooled prevalence was estimated using a random effects model. Results: A total of three studies met the established selection criteria for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The prevalence of coronary artery variants was 3% (CI = 2% to 8%), with a heterogeneity of 77%. The other studies were analyzed descriptively, along with their respective clinical considerations in the presence of the variant. Conclusions: Hypoplasia and the congenital absence of the coronary arteries are often incidental findings and understanding these variants is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis. Additionally, it is essential to exercise caution when considering surgical management for hearts with these variants.

Keywords: anatomy coronary artery; hypoplastic coronary artery; agenesia coronary artery; clinical anatomy; variations anatomical

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bruna-Mejias, A.; del Villar-Valdebenito, J.; Roman, C.; Alcaíno-Adasme, C.; Sepulveda-Loyola, W.; Orellana-Donoso, M.; Nova-Baeza, P.; Suazo-Santibañez, A.; Becerra-Farfan, A.; Sanchis-Gimeno, J.; et al. Hypoplastic and Congenital Absence of Coronary Arteries and Its Correlation with Clinical Implications of Cardiac Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 3085. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113085

AMA Style

Bruna-Mejias A, del Villar-Valdebenito J, Roman C, Alcaíno-Adasme C, Sepulveda-Loyola W, Orellana-Donoso M, Nova-Baeza P, Suazo-Santibañez A, Becerra-Farfan A, Sanchis-Gimeno J, et al. Hypoplastic and Congenital Absence of Coronary Arteries and Its Correlation with Clinical Implications of Cardiac Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(11):3085. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113085

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bruna-Mejias, Alejandro, Javiera del Villar-Valdebenito, Camila Roman, Catalina Alcaíno-Adasme, Walter Sepulveda-Loyola, Mathias Orellana-Donoso, Pablo Nova-Baeza, Alejandra Suazo-Santibañez, Alvaro Becerra-Farfan, Juan Sanchis-Gimeno, and et al. 2024. "Hypoplastic and Congenital Absence of Coronary Arteries and Its Correlation with Clinical Implications of Cardiac Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 11: 3085. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113085

APA Style

Bruna-Mejias, A., del Villar-Valdebenito, J., Roman, C., Alcaíno-Adasme, C., Sepulveda-Loyola, W., Orellana-Donoso, M., Nova-Baeza, P., Suazo-Santibañez, A., Becerra-Farfan, A., Sanchis-Gimeno, J., & Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, J. J. (2024). Hypoplastic and Congenital Absence of Coronary Arteries and Its Correlation with Clinical Implications of Cardiac Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(11), 3085. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113085

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Hypoplastic and Congenital Absence of Coronary Arteries and Its Correlation with Clinical Implications of Cardiac Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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