Assessment of the Retinal Vessels in Keratoconus: An OCT Angiography Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
Multiple Regression
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Laterality | OS | OD | All Groups | c2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group | Control | 20 | 27 | 47 | 0.549 | p = 0.459 |
Group | Keratoconus | 39 | 40 | 79 | ||
Row | Totals | 59 | 67 | 126 | ||
Gender | F | M | Totals | |||
Group | Control | 16 | 12 | 28 | 3.127 | p = 0.077 |
Group | Keratoconus | 15 | 27 | 42 | ||
Row | All Groups | 31 | 39 | 70 |
Control Group | Keratoconus Group | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p |
Age | 42.40 | 16.99 | 43.22 | 14.24 | p = 0.683 |
BCVA | 0.94 | 0.12 | 0.63 | 0.30 | p < 0.001 |
BCVA LogMAR | 0.02 | 0.92 | 0.20 | 0.52 | p < 0.001 |
K1 | 43.25 | 0.74 | 44.67 | 3.85 | p = 0.002 |
K2 | 43.88 | 0.67 | 47.85 | 4.66 | p < 0.001 |
FAZ area | 0.25 | 0.09 | 0.20 | 0.12 | p < 0.001 |
Perimeter | 2.09 | 0.39 | 1.86 | 0.63 | p = 0.001 |
Circularity | 0.72 | 0.10 | 0.71 | 0.09 | p =0.146 |
Central | 8.44 | 3.33 | 6.78 | 4.74 | p = 0.049 |
Inner | 16.54 | 2.89 | 13.64 | 5.13 | p = 0.002 |
Outer | 16.88 | 2.42 | 14.71 | 4.12 | p = 0.004 |
Full | 16.57 | 2.48 | 14.25 | 4.30 | p = 0.003 |
Epithelium center | 48.83 | 7.34 | 44.52 | 7.02 | p = 0.002 |
Epithelium min-max | −5.17 | 2.71 | −10.22 | 6.22 | p < 0.001 |
CCT | 538.66 | 29.14 | 478.58 | 45.27 | p < 0.001 |
CCTmin | 518.26 | 36.78 | 425.49 | 106.86 | p < 0.001 |
CMT | 258.00 | 19.00 | 255.34 | 25.35 | p = 0.936 |
Volume cube | 10.01 | 0.62 | 11.33 | 10.23 | p = 0.107 |
RNFL | 90.26 | 7.74 | 91.16 | 14.28 | p = 0.101 |
RNFL symmetry | 81.56 | 11.83 | 72.78 | 22.16 | p = 0.079 |
Rim area | 1.29 | 0.20 | 1.49 | 0.36 | p < 0.001 |
Disc area | 1.71 | 0.36 | 2.02 | 0.39 | p < 0.001 |
Cup volume | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.18 | p = 0.603 |
c/d average | 0.45 | 0.16 | 0.47 | 0.17 | p = 0.232 |
Sphere | −1.75 | 2.02 | −0.89 | 4.08 | p = 0.163 |
Cylinder | −0.92 | 0.83 | −3.30 | 2.46 | p = 0.001 |
Axis | 110.22 | 42.68 | 90.97 | 54.93 | p = 0.400 |
Group = Keratoconus | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | BCVA | K2 | Epi | CCT | CCT min | Faz Area | Perimeter | Circularity | Central | Inner | Outer | Full | CMT | RNFL | Cup Volume | Cylinder | Axis |
BCVA | 1 | −0.64 | 0.19 | 0.3 | 0.17 | −0.07 | −0.15 | 0.15 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.37 | 0.4 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.38 | 0.05 |
K2 | −0.64 | 1 | −0.46 | −0.34 | −0.28 | 0.03 | 0.08 | −0.13 | −0.26 | −0.3 | −0.21 | −0.24 | −0.21 | −0.06 | −0.27 | −0.54 | −0.04 |
Epi | 0.19 | −0.46 | 1 | 0.51 | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.05 | −0.02 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.28 | −0.15 | 0.32 | 0.07 | 0.52 | −0.07 |
CCT | 0.3 | −0.34 | 0.51 | 1 | 0.77 | 0.08 | −0.02 | 0.16 | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.32 | −0.11 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.43 | −0.36 |
CCTmin | 0.17 | −0.28 | 0.35 | 0.77 | 1 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.28 | −0.07 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.32 | −0.35 |
Faz area | −0.07 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.19 | 1 | 0.93 | −0.33 | −0.29 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.12 | −0.67 | 0.26 | −0.29 | −0.13 | −0.21 |
Perimeter | −0.15 | 0.08 | 0.05 | −0.02 | 0.09 | 0.93 | 1 | −0.59 | −0.34 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.07 | −0.67 | 0.23 | −0.3 | −0.1 | −0.17 |
Circularity | 0.15 | −0.13 | −0.02 | 0.16 | 0.08 | −0.33 | −0.59 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.33 | 0.07 | 0.19 | −0.02 | 0.03 |
Central | 0.41 | −0.26 | 0.18 | 0.24 | 0.11 | −0.29 | −0.34 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.87 | 0.81 | 0.84 | 0.47 | 0.21 | −0.13 | 0.4 | −0.14 |
Inner | 0.44 | −0.3 | 0.25 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.87 | 1 | 0.96 | 0.98 | 0.17 | 0.41 | −0.25 | 0.48 | −0.22 |
Outer | 0.37 | −0.21 | 0.3 | 0.33 | 0.3 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.81 | 0.96 | 1 | 1 | 0.05 | 0.49 | −0.28 | 0.44 | −0.31 |
Full | 0.4 | −0.24 | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.84 | 0.98 | 1 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.46 | −0.27 | 0.45 | −0.29 |
CMT | 0.09 | −0.21 | −0.15 | −0.11 | −0.07 | −0.67 | −0.67 | 0.33 | 0.47 | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 1 | −0.39 | 0.09 | 0.06 | −0.02 |
volume cube | 0.07 | 0.01 | −0.15 | 0 | 0.04 | −0.24 | −0.24 | 0.08 | 0.05 | −0.02 | −0.06 | −0.04 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.15 | −0.06 | 0.15 |
RNFL | 0.15 | −0.06 | 0.32 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.07 | 0.21 | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.39 | 1 | 0.03 | 0.19 | 0.04 |
Cup volume | 0.18 | −0.27 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | −0.29 | −0.3 | 0.19 | −0.13 | −0.25 | −0.28 | −0.27 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 1 | 0.06 | 0.28 |
Cylinder | 0.38 | −0.54 | 0.52 | 0.43 | 0.32 | −0.13 | −0.1 | −0.02 | 0.4 | 0.48 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.06 | 1 | −0.12 |
Axis | 0.05 | −0.04 | −0.07 | −0.36 | −0.35 | −0.21 | −0.17 | 0.03 | −0.14 | −0.22 | −0.31 | −0.29 | −0.02 | 0.04 | 0.28 | −0.12 | 1 |
Group = Control | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | CCTmin | Faz Area | Perimeter | Circularity | Central | Inner | Outer | Full | CMT | RNFL Symmetry |
CCTmin | 1 | −0.68 | −0.57 | −0.56 | 0.87 | 0.03 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.72 | 0.28 |
Faz area | −0.68 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.87 | −0.76 | 0.64 | 0.5 | 0.5 | −0.97 | 0.44 |
Perimeter | −0.57 | 0.99 | 1 | 0.89 | −0.71 | 0.69 | 0.55 | 0.56 | −0.96 | 0.51 |
Circularity | −0.56 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 1 | −0.58 | 0.61 | 0.47 | 0.49 | −0.93 | 0.44 |
Central | 0.87 | −0.76 | −0.71 | −0.58 | 1 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.74 | 0.18 |
Inner | 0.03 | 0.64 | 0.69 | 0.61 | 0 | 1 | 0.97 | 0.98 | −0.6 | 0.92 |
Outer | 0.19 | 0.5 | 0.55 | 0.47 | 0.15 | 0.97 | 1 | 1 | −0.43 | 0.97 |
Total | 0.19 | 0.5 | 0.56 | 0.49 | 0.16 | 0.98 | 1 | 1 | −0.44 | 0.97 |
CMT | 0.72 | −0.97 | −0.96 | −0.93 | 0.74 | −0.6 | −0.43 | −0.44 | 1 | −0.35 |
volume cube | 0.11 | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.09 | −0.22 | 0.37 | 0.47 | 0.43 | −0.13 | 0.58 |
RNFL symmetry | 0.28 | 0.44 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.18 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.97 | −0.35 | 1 |
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Wylęgała, A.; Szkodny, D.; Fiolka, R.; Wylęgała, E. Assessment of the Retinal Vessels in Keratoconus: An OCT Angiography Study. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 2960. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11112960
Wylęgała A, Szkodny D, Fiolka R, Wylęgała E. Assessment of the Retinal Vessels in Keratoconus: An OCT Angiography Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(11):2960. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11112960
Chicago/Turabian StyleWylęgała, Adam, Dominika Szkodny, Rafał Fiolka, and Edward Wylęgała. 2022. "Assessment of the Retinal Vessels in Keratoconus: An OCT Angiography Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 11: 2960. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11112960