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10.3390/jcm10163661
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Article

Melanoma Inhibitory Activity and Melanoma Inhibitory Activity 2 as Novel Immunohistochemical Markers of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia

by
Ryoko Kawai
*,
Yoshihiko Sugita
,
Toshikatsu Suzumura
,
Takehiro Hattori
,
Waka Yoshida
,
Katsutoshi Kubo
and
Hatsuhiko Maeda
Department of Oral Pathology/Forensic Odontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(16), 3661; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163661
Submission received: 1 July 2021 / Revised: 15 August 2021 / Accepted: 15 August 2021 / Published: 18 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Dental Biomaterials and Oral Tissues Engineering)
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Abstract

Oral potentially malignant disorders are associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Most OSCCs are diagnosed via histopathology as oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), but the histologic diagnostic criteria remain non-uniform. Accordingly, the establishment of a diagnostic marker to assist in diagnosis could contribute towards cancer prevention. Melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) and MIA2 are involved in tumor growth, invasion, and lymph node metastasis in various malignancies. The purpose of this study was to clarify the usefulness of MIA and MIA2 as diagnostic markers of oral mucosal lesions. The expression of MIA and MIA2 was analyzed immunohistochemically in 100 specimens (10 specimens with normal oral mucosa (NOM) and 30 specimens each with low-grade epithelial dysplasia (LED), high-grade epithelial dysplasia (HED), and OSCC). Immunohistochemical results were evaluated based on the Allred scoring system. Cytoplasmic expression of MIA and MIA2 increased in the order of LED, HED, and OSCC. All NOM specimens were negative for cytoplasmic expression. Significant differences were observed between the groups (NOM vs. HED, p < 0.05, NOM vs. OSCC, p < 0.001). These results demonstrate that MIA and MIA2 are expressed in the oral mucosa within early neoplastic lesions and suggest that MIA and MIA2 are useful novel immunohistochemical markers for discriminating between normal tissue and OED.
Keywords: oral epithelial dysplasia; oral potentially malignant disorders; oral squamous cell carcinoma; melanoma inhibitory activity; diagnostic marker oral epithelial dysplasia; oral potentially malignant disorders; oral squamous cell carcinoma; melanoma inhibitory activity; diagnostic marker

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kawai, R.; Sugita, Y.; Suzumura, T.; Hattori, T.; Yoshida, W.; Kubo, K.; Maeda, H. Melanoma Inhibitory Activity and Melanoma Inhibitory Activity 2 as Novel Immunohistochemical Markers of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 3661. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163661

AMA Style

Kawai R, Sugita Y, Suzumura T, Hattori T, Yoshida W, Kubo K, Maeda H. Melanoma Inhibitory Activity and Melanoma Inhibitory Activity 2 as Novel Immunohistochemical Markers of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(16):3661. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163661

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kawai, Ryoko, Yoshihiko Sugita, Toshikatsu Suzumura, Takehiro Hattori, Waka Yoshida, Katsutoshi Kubo, and Hatsuhiko Maeda. 2021. "Melanoma Inhibitory Activity and Melanoma Inhibitory Activity 2 as Novel Immunohistochemical Markers of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 16: 3661. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163661

APA Style

Kawai, R., Sugita, Y., Suzumura, T., Hattori, T., Yoshida, W., Kubo, K., & Maeda, H. (2021). Melanoma Inhibitory Activity and Melanoma Inhibitory Activity 2 as Novel Immunohistochemical Markers of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(16), 3661. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163661

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