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Article

Interaction between Pain, Disability, Mechanosensitivity and Cranio-Cervical Angle in Subjects with Cervicogenic Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Patricia Martínez-Merinero
1,
Fernando Aneiros Tarancón
2,
Javier Montañez-Aguilera
3,
Susana Nuñez-Nagy
4,
Daniel Pecos-Martín
4,5,
Rubén Fernández-Matías
5,
Alexander Achalandabaso-Ochoa
5,6,*,
Samuel Fernández-Carnero
4,5 and
Tomás Gallego-Izquierdo
4,5
1
Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health, Exercise and Sport, European University, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28660 Madrid, Spain
2
Physiotherapy Center, Alcalá University, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
3
Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Spain
4
Department of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Alcalá University, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
5
Research Institute of Physical Therapy and Pain, Alcalá University, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
6
Department of Health Sciences, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(1), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010159
Submission received: 25 November 2020 / Revised: 21 December 2020 / Accepted: 2 January 2021 / Published: 5 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends and Advances in Treatment Headache Disorders)
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Abstract

The relationship between the forward head posture and mechanosensitivity in subjects with a cervicogenic headache (CGH) remains uncertain. The aim of the study was to evaluate if there was a relationship between the tissue mechanosensitivity and cranio-cervical angle (CCA) that was moderated by pain intensity and/or disability in subjects with CGH. A convenience sample of 102 subjects was recruited. The CCA was measured with photographs, using a postural assessment software. The pain intensity was measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the disability was measured with the Northwick Park Questionnaire. The pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured at the spinous process of C2, the upper trapezius and splenius capitis muscles, and the median nerve. Simple moderation multiple regression analyses were constructed. There was a positive relationship between PPT at C2 and CCA, but a nonsignificant relationship for the PPT measured at the muscles and median nerve. The effect of PPT at C2 over CCA was moderated by pain intensity (R2 = 0.17; R2 change = 0.06; p < 0.05) but not disability. The Johnson–Neyman analysis revealed a cut-off point for the statistical significance of 4.66 cm in VAS. There seems to be a positive relationship between PPT at C2 and CCA, which is positively moderated by pain intensity in subjects with CGH.
Keywords: forward head posture; mechanosensitivity; pressure pain threshold; cervicogenic headache forward head posture; mechanosensitivity; pressure pain threshold; cervicogenic headache

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MDPI and ACS Style

Martínez-Merinero, P.; Aneiros Tarancón, F.; Montañez-Aguilera, J.; Nuñez-Nagy, S.; Pecos-Martín, D.; Fernández-Matías, R.; Achalandabaso-Ochoa, A.; Fernández-Carnero, S.; Gallego-Izquierdo, T. Interaction between Pain, Disability, Mechanosensitivity and Cranio-Cervical Angle in Subjects with Cervicogenic Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 159. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010159

AMA Style

Martínez-Merinero P, Aneiros Tarancón F, Montañez-Aguilera J, Nuñez-Nagy S, Pecos-Martín D, Fernández-Matías R, Achalandabaso-Ochoa A, Fernández-Carnero S, Gallego-Izquierdo T. Interaction between Pain, Disability, Mechanosensitivity and Cranio-Cervical Angle in Subjects with Cervicogenic Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(1):159. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010159

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martínez-Merinero, Patricia, Fernando Aneiros Tarancón, Javier Montañez-Aguilera, Susana Nuñez-Nagy, Daniel Pecos-Martín, Rubén Fernández-Matías, Alexander Achalandabaso-Ochoa, Samuel Fernández-Carnero, and Tomás Gallego-Izquierdo. 2021. "Interaction between Pain, Disability, Mechanosensitivity and Cranio-Cervical Angle in Subjects with Cervicogenic Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 1: 159. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010159

APA Style

Martínez-Merinero, P., Aneiros Tarancón, F., Montañez-Aguilera, J., Nuñez-Nagy, S., Pecos-Martín, D., Fernández-Matías, R., Achalandabaso-Ochoa, A., Fernández-Carnero, S., & Gallego-Izquierdo, T. (2021). Interaction between Pain, Disability, Mechanosensitivity and Cranio-Cervical Angle in Subjects with Cervicogenic Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(1), 159. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010159

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