Green Synthesized of Ag/Ag2O Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Their Azo Dye Photodegradation

Laouini, Salah Eddine; Bouafia, Abderrhmane; Soldatov, Alexander V.; Algarni, Hamed; Tedjani, Mohammed Laid; Ali, Gomaa A. M.; Barhoum, Ahmed

doi:10.3390/membranes11070468

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Green Synthesized of Ag/Ag₂O Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Their Azo Dye Photodegradation

Salah Eddine Laouini

Abderrhmane Bouafia

^1,*

Alexander V. Soldatov

²,

Hamed Algarni

^3,4,

Mohammed Laid Tedjani

Gomaa A. M. Ali

^5,*

and

Ahmed Barhoum

^6,7,*

Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Echahid Hamma Lakhdar El Oued, El-Oued 39000, Algeria

The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova Str. 178/24, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia

Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia

⁴

Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia

⁵

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al–Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt

⁶

NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt

⁷

School of Chemical Sciences, Fraunhofer Project Centre, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editor: Isabel C. Escobar

Membranes 2021, 11(7), 468; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070468

Received: 7 June 2021 / Revised: 19 June 2021 / Accepted: 22 June 2021 / Published: 25 June 2021

(This article belongs to the Collection Polymeric Membranes: Science, Materials and Applications)

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Abstract

In this study, silver/silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag/Ag₂O NPs) were successfully biosynthesized using Phoenix dactylifera L. aqueous leaves extract. The effect of different plant extract/precursor contractions (volume ratio, v/v%) on Ag/Ag₂O NP formation, their optical properties, and photocatalytic activity towards azo dye degradation, i.e., Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB), were investigated. X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystalline nature of Ag/Ag₂O NPs with a crystallite size range from 28 to 39 nm. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the Ag/Ag₂O NPs have an oval and spherical shape. UV–vis spectroscopy showed that Ag/Ag₂O NPs have a direct bandgap of 2.07–2.86 eV and an indirect bandgap of 1.60–1.76 eV. Fourier transform infrared analysis suggests that the synthesized Ag/Ag₂O NPs might be stabilized through the interactions of -OH and C=O groups in the carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids present in Phoenix dactylifera L. Interestingly, the prepared Ag/Ag₂O NPs showed high catalytic degradation activity for CR dye. The photocatalytic degradation of the azo dye was monitored spectrophotometrically in a wavelength range of 250–900 nm, and a high decolorization efficiency (84.50%) was obtained after 50 min of reaction. As a result, the use of Phoenix dactylifera L. aqueous leaves extract offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly method. View Full-Text

Keywords: silver/silver oxide nanoparticles; Phoenix dactylifera L.; photosynthesis; catalytic activity; dye degradation

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Laouini, S.E.; Bouafia, A.; Soldatov, A.V.; Algarni, H.; Tedjani, M.L.; Ali, G.A.M.; Barhoum, A. Green Synthesized of Ag/Ag₂O Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Their Azo Dye Photodegradation. Membranes 2021, 11, 468. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070468

AMA Style

Laouini SE, Bouafia A, Soldatov AV, Algarni H, Tedjani ML, Ali GAM, Barhoum A. Green Synthesized of Ag/Ag₂O Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Their Azo Dye Photodegradation. Membranes. 2021; 11(7):468. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070468

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laouini, Salah E., Abderrhmane Bouafia, Alexander V. Soldatov, Hamed Algarni, Mohammed L. Tedjani, Gomaa A.M. Ali, and Ahmed Barhoum. 2021. "Green Synthesized of Ag/Ag₂O Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Their Azo Dye Photodegradation" Membranes 11, no. 7: 468. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070468

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Green Synthesized of Ag/Ag₂O Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Their Azo Dye Photodegradation

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