Branched Sulfonimide-Based Proton Exchange Polymer Membranes from Poly(Phenylenebenzopheneone)s for Fuel Cell Applications
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of Branched Poly(phenylenebenzophenone) (PPBP)
2.3. Sulfonation of the Branched Polymer (S-Branched PPBP)
2.4. Conversion into Sulfonimide form of the Sulfonated Branched Polymers (SI-Branched PPBP)
2.5. Characterizations and Measurement of Membranes Properties
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Preparation of the Monomer
3.2. Preparation of the Sulfonimide Branched PPBP Polymers (SI-Branched PPBP)
3.3. IEC, Water Uptake and Dimensional Stability of Membranes
3.4. Proton Conductivity of the SI-Branched PPBP Membranes
3.5. Thermo-Oxidative Stability of Membranes
3.6. Chemical Stability of Membranes
3.7. Morphology of the Membranes
3.8. Cell Performance of the SI-Branched PPBP Membranes
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Polymers | Viscosity a ηint (dl/g) | IEC (meq/g) | Water Uptake b, (%) | Dimensional Changes c | Hydration Number, Per Sulfonimide Group c, λ | Membrane Properties | Conductivity Measurement d, σ (mS/cm) | Young’s Modulus e, (MPa) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Δt (%) | Δl (%) | Shape, cm | Thickness, L μm | |||||||
SI-branched PPBP-20 | 0.73 | 1.00 | 25.3 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 14.0 | 2 × 3 | 75 | 75.9 | 1030 |
SI-branched PPBP-30 | 0.82 | 1.42 | 42.5 | 4.7 | 6.3 | 16.59 | 2 × 3 | 75 | 83.1 | 1065 |
SI-branched PPBP-40 | 0.93 | 1.86 | 66.8 | 7.6 | 10.8 | 19.95 | 2 × 3 | 75 | 121.887 | 1120 |
Nafion-117® | - | 0.91 | 32.17 | 31.21 | 14.10 | 19.6 | 2 × 3 | 175 | 84.74 | 165.16 |
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Sutradhar, S.C.; Yoon, S.; Ryu, T.; Jin, L.; Zhang, W.; Kim, W.; Jang, H. Branched Sulfonimide-Based Proton Exchange Polymer Membranes from Poly(Phenylenebenzopheneone)s for Fuel Cell Applications. Membranes 2021, 11, 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030168
Sutradhar SC, Yoon S, Ryu T, Jin L, Zhang W, Kim W, Jang H. Branched Sulfonimide-Based Proton Exchange Polymer Membranes from Poly(Phenylenebenzopheneone)s for Fuel Cell Applications. Membranes. 2021; 11(3):168. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030168
Chicago/Turabian StyleSutradhar, Sabuj Chandra, Sujin Yoon, Taewook Ryu, Lei Jin, Wei Zhang, Whangi Kim, and Hohyoun Jang. 2021. "Branched Sulfonimide-Based Proton Exchange Polymer Membranes from Poly(Phenylenebenzopheneone)s for Fuel Cell Applications" Membranes 11, no. 3: 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030168
APA StyleSutradhar, S. C., Yoon, S., Ryu, T., Jin, L., Zhang, W., Kim, W., & Jang, H. (2021). Branched Sulfonimide-Based Proton Exchange Polymer Membranes from Poly(Phenylenebenzopheneone)s for Fuel Cell Applications. Membranes, 11(3), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030168