Impact of Pre-Existing Immunity to Influenza on Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) Immunogenicity
1
Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
2
The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2020, 8(4), 683; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040683
Received: 23 October 2020
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Revised: 10 November 2020
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Accepted: 11 November 2020
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Published: 16 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Immune Responses to Vaccines Antigen during Influenza A Infection)
During the previous influenza seasons, between 2010 and 2016, the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) provided variable efficacy against influenza in the U.S., causing the recommendation against the use of the LAIV. In striking contrast, pre-clinical studies have repeatedly demonstrated superior efficacy of LAIV against mismatched influenza viruses, compared to inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV). This disparity in reported vaccine efficacies between pre-clinical and clinical studies may in part be explained by limitations of the animal models of influenza. In particular, the absence of pre-existing immunity in animal models has recently emerged as a potential explanation for the discrepancies between preclinical findings and human studies. This commentary focuses on the potential impact of pre-existing immunity on LAIV induced immunogenicity with an emphasis on cross-protective immunity.
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Keywords:
live attenuated influenza vaccine; pre-existing immunity; pre-existing antibodies; T cell immunogenicity; mucosal responses
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MDPI and ACS Style
Roy, S.; Williams, C.M.; Wijesundara, D.K.; Furuya, Y. Impact of Pre-Existing Immunity to Influenza on Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) Immunogenicity. Vaccines 2020, 8, 683. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040683
AMA Style
Roy S, Williams CM, Wijesundara DK, Furuya Y. Impact of Pre-Existing Immunity to Influenza on Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) Immunogenicity. Vaccines. 2020; 8(4):683. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040683
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoy, Sreeja, Clare M. Williams, Danushka K. Wijesundara, and Yoichi Furuya. 2020. "Impact of Pre-Existing Immunity to Influenza on Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) Immunogenicity" Vaccines 8, no. 4: 683. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040683
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