The Acceptability of Pharmacy-Based HPV Vaccination in Western Kenya among Pharmacy Clients and Providers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Setting
2.2. Study Participants
2.3. Data Collection
2.4. HPV Knowledge and Vaccination History/Interest
2.5. Acceptability Assessment
2.6. Willingness to Pay Assessment
2.7. Analysis
3. Results
3.1. HPV Knowledge and Vaccination Coverage
3.2. Acceptability of Pharmacy-Based HPV Vaccination
3.3. Willingness to Pay for HPV Vaccination at Pharmacies
3.4. Preferred Setting for HPV Vaccination
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clients | All Clients (N = 1500) | Female Clients (N = 954) | Male Clients (N = 546) |
---|---|---|---|
Age, med (IQR) | 26 (22, 31) | 25 (22, 30) | 27 (23, 34) |
Age < 25 years | 642 (43%) | 438 (46%) | 204 (37%) |
Sex—Female | 954 (64%) | 954 (100%) | 0 (0%) |
Years in school, med (IQR) | 14 (11, 16) | 13 (11, 15) | 14 (12, 16) |
Monthly household income (In Kenyan Shillings), med (IQR) | 10,000 (5000, 20,000) | 10,000 (5000, 20,000) | 10,000 (5375, 20,000) |
Relationship Status | |||
One primary partner only | 794 (53%) | 583 (61%) | 211 (39%) |
One primary partner and casual partners | 351 (23%) | 164 (17%) | 187 (34%) |
Casual partner(s) only | 276 (18%) | 156 (16%) | 120 (22%) |
Single | 75 (5%) | 49 (5%) | 26 (5%) |
Other | 4 (0%) | 2 (0%) | 2 (0%) |
Period of traveling from home to pharmacy | |||
<5 min | 275 (18%) | 156 (16%) | 119 (22%) |
5 to <15 min | 538 (36%) | 339 (36%) | 199 (36%) |
15 to <30 min | 481 (32%) | 327 (34%) | 154 (28%) |
≥30 min | 206 (14%) | 132 (14%) | (14%) |
Age of first sex, med (IQR) | 17 (15, 18) | 17 (16, 19) | 17 (15, 18) |
Number of living children, med (IQR) | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 2) |
Have ever been pregnant (Female only) | - | 692 (73%) | - |
Have used EC more than twice (Female only) | - | 393 (41%) | - |
Using a birth control method (Female only) 1 | - | 749 (79%) | - |
Sexual behaviors associated with HPV risk | |||
Multiple sexual partners 2 | 510 (34%) | 250 (26%) | 260 (48%) |
Inconsistent condom use 3 | 1310 (87%) | 845 (89%) | 465 (85%) |
Exchanged sex for money/gift 3 | 285 (19%) | 158 (17%) | 127 (23%) |
Diagnosed with or treated for a STI 3 | 149 (10%) | 81 (9%) | 68 (13%) |
Prevalence of likely depression 4 | 218 (15%) | 159 (17%) | 59 (11%) |
Providers | N = 40 | ||
Demographics | |||
Age, med (IQR) | 31 (27, 37) | ||
Sex—Female | 16 (40%) | ||
Pharmacist/Pharmaceutical technologist | 31 (78%) | ||
Level of training | |||
College Diploma | 34 (85%) | ||
University Degree | 5 (12%) | ||
Certificate | 1 (2%) | ||
Years of training, med (IQR) | 3 (3, 4) | ||
Own the pharmacy | 17 (42%) | ||
Length of time in profession (in years), med (IQR) | 6 (4, 10) | ||
Length of time worked at this pharmacy (in months), med (IQR) | 33 (11, 60) | ||
Number of days work at this pharmacy per week, med (IQR) | 6 (6, 7) |
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Zhang, S.; Kwach, B.; Omollo, V.; Asewe, M.; Malen, R.C.; Shah, P.D.; Odoyo, J.; Mugo, N.; Ngure, K.; Bukusi, E.A.; et al. The Acceptability of Pharmacy-Based HPV Vaccination in Western Kenya among Pharmacy Clients and Providers. Vaccines 2023, 11, 1808. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121808
Zhang S, Kwach B, Omollo V, Asewe M, Malen RC, Shah PD, Odoyo J, Mugo N, Ngure K, Bukusi EA, et al. The Acceptability of Pharmacy-Based HPV Vaccination in Western Kenya among Pharmacy Clients and Providers. Vaccines. 2023; 11(12):1808. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121808
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Shengruo, Benn Kwach, Victor Omollo, Magdaline Asewe, Rachel C. Malen, Parth D. Shah, Josephine Odoyo, Nelly Mugo, Kenneth Ngure, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, and et al. 2023. "The Acceptability of Pharmacy-Based HPV Vaccination in Western Kenya among Pharmacy Clients and Providers" Vaccines 11, no. 12: 1808. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121808
APA StyleZhang, S., Kwach, B., Omollo, V., Asewe, M., Malen, R. C., Shah, P. D., Odoyo, J., Mugo, N., Ngure, K., Bukusi, E. A., & Ortblad, K. F. (2023). The Acceptability of Pharmacy-Based HPV Vaccination in Western Kenya among Pharmacy Clients and Providers. Vaccines, 11(12), 1808. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121808