Plant-Derived Natural Biomolecule Picein Attenuates Menadione Induced Oxidative Stress on Neuroblastoma Cell Mitochondria
by
Kavindra Kumar Kesari 1,*,†, 
Anupam Dhasmana 2,3,†, Shruti Shandilya 1, Neeraj Prabhakar 4
, Ahmed Shaukat 5, Jinze Dou 5, 
Jessica M. Rosenholm 4, Tapani Vuorinen 5,* and Janne Ruokolainen 1,*
Kavindra Kumar Kesari 1,*,†, Anupam Dhasmana 2,3,†, Shruti Shandilya 1, Neeraj Prabhakar 4, Ahmed Shaukat 5, Jinze Dou 5, Jessica M. Rosenholm 4, Tapani Vuorinen 5,* and Janne Ruokolainen 1,*
1
Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
2
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78539, USA
3
Department of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun 248016, India
4
Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
5
Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Authors equally contributed.
Antioxidants 2020, 9(6), 552; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060552
Received: 7 June 2020 / Revised: 21 June 2020 / Accepted: 24 June 2020 / Published: 25 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders)
Several bioactive compounds are in use for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Historically, willow (salix sp.) bark has been an important source of salisylic acid and other natural compounds with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties. Among these, picein isolated from hot water extract of willow bark, has been found to act as a natural secondary metabolite antioxidant. The aim of this study was to investigate the unrevealed pharmacological action of picein. In silico studies were utilized to direct the investigation towards the neuroprotection abilities of picein. Our in vitro studies demonstrate the neuroprotective properties of picein by blocking the oxidative stress effects, induced by free radical generator 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (menadione, MQ), in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Several oxidative stress-related parameters were evaluated to measure the protection for mitochondrial integrity, such as mitochondrial superoxide production, mitochondrial activity (MTT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and live-cell imaging. A significant increase in the ROS level and mitochondrial superoxide production were measured after MQ treatment, however, a subsequent treatment with picein was able to mitigate this effect by decreasing their levels. Additionally, the mitochondrial activity was significantly decreased by MQ exposure, but a follow-up treatment with picein recovered the normal metabolic activity. In conclusion, the presented results demonstrate that picein can significantly reduce the level of MQ-induced oxidative stress on mitochondria, and thereby plays a role as a potent neuroprotectant.
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Keywords:
menadione; picein; ROS; MitoSOX; live cell imaging; oxidative stress; neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells; neurodegenerative disorder
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Kesari, K.K.; Dhasmana, A.; Shandilya, S.; Prabhakar, N.; Shaukat, A.; Dou, J.; Rosenholm, J.M.; Vuorinen, T.; Ruokolainen, J. Plant-Derived Natural Biomolecule Picein Attenuates Menadione Induced Oxidative Stress on Neuroblastoma Cell Mitochondria. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 552.
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