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Antioxidant Capacity of Thistle (Cirsium japonicum) in Various Drying Methods and their Protection Effect on Neuronal PC12 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans

by 1,2, 1 and 2,3,*
1
Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
2
Plant Resources Research Institute, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01370, Korea
3
Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01370, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antioxidants 2020, 9(3), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9030200
Received: 24 January 2020 / Revised: 20 February 2020 / Accepted: 21 February 2020 / Published: 28 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants)
The aim of this study was, firstly, to evaluate the phenol profile of thistle (Cirsium japonicum, CJ) by High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–MS), dried by different methods (90 °C hot-air, 70 °C hot-air, shade-, and freeze-drying). Secondly, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between phenolic compounds content and antioxidant properties. CJ contained chlorogenic acid, linarin, and pectolinarin. Total phenolic contents of CJ significantly decreased under hot-air-drying condition, especially chlorogenic acid contents in CJ have been reduced by 85% and 60% for 90 °C and 70 °C hot-air-drying, respectively. We evaluated the protective effect on adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and Caenorhabditis elegans using shade-dried CJ, which has the largest phenolic contents and the strongest antioxidant property. CJ-treated PC 12 cells dose-dependently exhibited the protective effects against reactive oxygen species (ROS), while cell viability increases, lactate dehydrogenase release decreases, and ROS formation decreases. Furthermore, CJ has also shown protection against ROS in C. elegans. Consequently, CJ contributed to lifespan extension under ROS stress without influencing the physiological growth. View Full-Text
Keywords: thistle (Cirsium japonicum); phenolic compounds; antioxidant; reactive oxygen species (ROS); PC 12 cells; Caenorhabditis elegans thistle (Cirsium japonicum); phenolic compounds; antioxidant; reactive oxygen species (ROS); PC 12 cells; Caenorhabditis elegans
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MDPI and ACS Style

Jang, M.; Kim, K.-H.; Kim, G.-H. Antioxidant Capacity of Thistle (Cirsium japonicum) in Various Drying Methods and their Protection Effect on Neuronal PC12 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9030200

AMA Style

Jang M, Kim K-H, Kim G-H. Antioxidant Capacity of Thistle (Cirsium japonicum) in Various Drying Methods and their Protection Effect on Neuronal PC12 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants. 2020; 9(3):200. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9030200

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jang, Miran, Kee-Hong Kim, and Gun-Hee Kim. 2020. "Antioxidant Capacity of Thistle (Cirsium japonicum) in Various Drying Methods and their Protection Effect on Neuronal PC12 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans" Antioxidants 9, no. 3: 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9030200

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