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Antioxidants
Volume 14
Issue 11
10.3390/antiox14111302
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Influence of Blueberry Mosaic Disease on Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Highbush Blueberry ‘Duke’ Fruits

by
Nemanja Miletić
1,*,
Danijel D. Milinčić
2,
Mirjana B. Pešić
2,
Biljana Lončar
3,
Marko Petković
1,
Bojana Vasilijević
4 and
Darko Jevremović
4
1
Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, Cara Dušana 34, 32102 Čačak, Serbia
2
Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
3
Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
4
Department for Fruit Protection and Certification of Planting Material, Fruit Research Institute, Kralja Petra I 9, 32102 Čačak, Serbia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antioxidants 2025, 14(11), 1302; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14111302
Submission received: 12 September 2025 / Revised: 21 October 2025 / Accepted: 28 October 2025 / Published: 29 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables—2nd Edition)
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Abstract

Blueberry mosaic virus (BlMaV) is a persistent pathogen that alters host physiology; however, its impact on secondary metabolism in blueberry fruits remains poorly characterized. In this study, the phenolic profile of the cultivar ‘Duke’ was systematically examined in healthy and BlMaV-infected plants over two successive years. Using UHPLC Q-ToF MS, a total of 46 phenolic compounds were detected, spanning flavonols, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins. Comparative analyses revealed consistent shifts in metabolite abundance between healthy and infected samples. Several flavonol aglycones and phenolic acid derivatives accumulated in infected fruits, whereas multiple anthocyanins and glycosides were reduced. To further explore metabolic relationships, color correlation analysis highlighted distinct co-variation patterns among compound classes. Principal component analysis clearly separated infected and healthy fruits, confirming that viral infection was the dominant source of variation, surpassing the influence of harvest year or environmental factors. Nevertheless, the antioxidant capacity remained unchanged, regardless of the presence of the virus or the variation in environmental conditions. These results provide novel biochemical evidence that BlMaV infection reshapes the phenolic composition of blueberries and lays the groundwork for future studies on the metabolic consequences of viral stress in fruit crops.
Keywords: highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.); blueberry mosaic associated ophiovirus; mosaic disease; PCR; UHPLC Q-ToF MS highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.); blueberry mosaic associated ophiovirus; mosaic disease; PCR; UHPLC Q-ToF MS
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MDPI and ACS Style

Miletić, N.; Milinčić, D.D.; Pešić, M.B.; Lončar, B.; Petković, M.; Vasilijević, B.; Jevremović, D. Influence of Blueberry Mosaic Disease on Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Highbush Blueberry ‘Duke’ Fruits. Antioxidants 2025, 14, 1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14111302

AMA Style

Miletić N, Milinčić DD, Pešić MB, Lončar B, Petković M, Vasilijević B, Jevremović D. Influence of Blueberry Mosaic Disease on Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Highbush Blueberry ‘Duke’ Fruits. Antioxidants. 2025; 14(11):1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14111302

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miletić, Nemanja, Danijel D. Milinčić, Mirjana B. Pešić, Biljana Lončar, Marko Petković, Bojana Vasilijević, and Darko Jevremović. 2025. "Influence of Blueberry Mosaic Disease on Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Highbush Blueberry ‘Duke’ Fruits" Antioxidants 14, no. 11: 1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14111302

APA Style

Miletić, N., Milinčić, D. D., Pešić, M. B., Lončar, B., Petković, M., Vasilijević, B., & Jevremović, D. (2025). Influence of Blueberry Mosaic Disease on Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Highbush Blueberry ‘Duke’ Fruits. Antioxidants, 14(11), 1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14111302

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