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Article

Systemic and CSF Interleukin-1α Expression in a Rabbit Closed Cranium Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model: An Exploratory Study

by
Davide Marco Croci
1,2,3,*,
Stefan Wanderer
2,4,
Fabio Strange
2,4,
Basil E. Grüter
2,4,
Daniela Casoni
5,
Sivani Sivanrupan
2,
Hans Rudolf Widmer
6,
Stefano Di Santo
6,
Javier Fandino
2,4,
Luigi Mariani
1 and
Serge Marbacher
2,4
1
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
2
Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
3
Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
4
Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
5
Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
6
Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Brain Sci. 2019, 9(10), 249; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9100249
Submission received: 6 August 2019 / Revised: 20 September 2019 / Accepted: 23 September 2019 / Published: 24 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Clinical Treatment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage after Rupture of Saccular Intracranial Aneurysms)
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Abstract

Background: The inflammatory pathway in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leads to delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The role of IL-1α has never been evaluated in a rabbit SAH model. The aim of our study is to analyze systemic and CSF changes of IL-1α, and to evaluate potential associations with the onset of DCVS in a rabbit closed cranium SAH model. Methods: 17 New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into two groups, SAH (n = 12) and sham (n = 5). In the first group, SAH was induced by extracranial-intracranial shunting from the subclavian artery into the cerebral cistern of magna under intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. The sham group served as a control. The CSF and blood samples for IL-1α measurement were taken at day zero before SAH induction and at day three. Results: There was a significant increase of ICP (p = 0.00009) and a decrease of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) (p = 0.00089) during SAH induction. At follow up, there was a significant increase of systemic IL-1α in the SAH as compared with the sham group (p = 0.042). There was no statistically significant difference in the CSF values in both groups. The CSF IL-1α values showed a correlation trend of DCVS. Conclusions: Systemic IL-1α levels are elevated after SAH induction in a rabbit SAH model.
Keywords: subarachnoid hemorrhage; IL-1α; inflammation; animal model subarachnoid hemorrhage; IL-1α; inflammation; animal model

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MDPI and ACS Style

Croci, D.M.; Wanderer, S.; Strange, F.; Grüter, B.E.; Casoni, D.; Sivanrupan, S.; Widmer, H.R.; Di Santo, S.; Fandino, J.; Mariani, L.; et al. Systemic and CSF Interleukin-1α Expression in a Rabbit Closed Cranium Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model: An Exploratory Study. Brain Sci. 2019, 9, 249. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9100249

AMA Style

Croci DM, Wanderer S, Strange F, Grüter BE, Casoni D, Sivanrupan S, Widmer HR, Di Santo S, Fandino J, Mariani L, et al. Systemic and CSF Interleukin-1α Expression in a Rabbit Closed Cranium Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model: An Exploratory Study. Brain Sciences. 2019; 9(10):249. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9100249

Chicago/Turabian Style

Croci, Davide Marco, Stefan Wanderer, Fabio Strange, Basil E. Grüter, Daniela Casoni, Sivani Sivanrupan, Hans Rudolf Widmer, Stefano Di Santo, Javier Fandino, Luigi Mariani, and et al. 2019. "Systemic and CSF Interleukin-1α Expression in a Rabbit Closed Cranium Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model: An Exploratory Study" Brain Sciences 9, no. 10: 249. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9100249

APA Style

Croci, D. M., Wanderer, S., Strange, F., Grüter, B. E., Casoni, D., Sivanrupan, S., Widmer, H. R., Di Santo, S., Fandino, J., Mariani, L., & Marbacher, S. (2019). Systemic and CSF Interleukin-1α Expression in a Rabbit Closed Cranium Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model: An Exploratory Study. Brain Sciences, 9(10), 249. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9100249

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