Next Article in Journal
Blink Reflex Examination in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Compared to Diseases Affecting the Peripheral Nervous System and Healthy Controls
Previous Article in Journal
Diagnosis and Treatment of X-Linked Creatine Transporter Deficiency: Case Report and Literature Review
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Brain Sciences
Volume 13
Issue 10
10.3390/brainsci13101383
brainsci-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Molecular Study of the Protective Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet against Brain Insulin Resistance in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome

by
Abdulhadi Bima
1,
Basmah Eldakhakhny
1,2,
Aliaa A. Alamoudi
1,
Zuhier Awan
1,
Abrar Alnami
1,
Salwa Mohamed Abo-Elkhair
3,
Hussein Sakr
4,5,
Fatma Mohamed Ghoneim
6 and
Ayman Elsamanoudy
1,3,*
1
Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia
2
Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia
3
Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
4
Physiology Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
5
Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
6
Faculty Development Unit, Physiological Science and Medical Education Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah 23323, Saudi Arabia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Brain Sci. 2023, 13(10), 1383; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13101383
Submission received: 4 September 2023 / Revised: 25 September 2023 / Accepted: 27 September 2023 / Published: 28 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Brain insulin resistance is linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS). A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet has been proposed to have a protective effect. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the brain insulin resistance markers in a rat animal model of MetS and the protective effects of the LCHF diet. Four groups of male rats (10/group) were created. Group I (Control) was fed a regular diet. Groups II–IV were injected with dexamethasone (DEX) to induce MetS. Group II received DEX with a regular diet. Group III (DEX + LCHF) rates were fed a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet, while Group IV (DEX + HCLF) rats were fed a high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HCLF) diet. At the end of the four-week experiment, HOMA-IR was calculated. Moreover, cerebral gene expression analysis of S-100B, BDNF, TNF-α, IGF-1, IGF-1 R, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-5, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 was carried out. In the DEX group, rats showed a significant increase in the HOMA-IR and a decrease in the gene expression of IGF-1, IGF-1 R, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-5, BDNF, and Bcl2, with a concomitant rise in S100B, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3. The LCHF diet group showed a significantly opposite effect on all parameters. In conclusion, MetS is associated with dysregulated cerebral gene expression of BDNF, S100B, and TNF-α and disturbed IGF-1 signaling, with increased apoptosis and neuroinflammation. Moreover, the LCHF diet showed a protective effect, as evidenced by preservation of the investigated biochemical and molecular parameters.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome; brain insulin resistance; S100B; BDNF; TNF-α; IGF-1; IGF-1R; IGFBP-2; IGFBP-5; Bax; Bcl-2; caspase-3; low carbohydrate-high fat diet metabolic syndrome; brain insulin resistance; S100B; BDNF; TNF-α; IGF-1; IGF-1R; IGFBP-2; IGFBP-5; Bax; Bcl-2; caspase-3; low carbohydrate-high fat diet

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Bima, A.; Eldakhakhny, B.; Alamoudi, A.A.; Awan, Z.; Alnami, A.; Abo-Elkhair, S.M.; Sakr, H.; Ghoneim, F.M.; Elsamanoudy, A. Molecular Study of the Protective Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet against Brain Insulin Resistance in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Brain Sci. 2023, 13, 1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13101383

AMA Style

Bima A, Eldakhakhny B, Alamoudi AA, Awan Z, Alnami A, Abo-Elkhair SM, Sakr H, Ghoneim FM, Elsamanoudy A. Molecular Study of the Protective Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet against Brain Insulin Resistance in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Brain Sciences. 2023; 13(10):1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13101383

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bima, Abdulhadi, Basmah Eldakhakhny, Aliaa A. Alamoudi, Zuhier Awan, Abrar Alnami, Salwa Mohamed Abo-Elkhair, Hussein Sakr, Fatma Mohamed Ghoneim, and Ayman Elsamanoudy. 2023. "Molecular Study of the Protective Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet against Brain Insulin Resistance in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome" Brain Sciences 13, no. 10: 1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13101383

APA Style

Bima, A., Eldakhakhny, B., Alamoudi, A. A., Awan, Z., Alnami, A., Abo-Elkhair, S. M., Sakr, H., Ghoneim, F. M., & Elsamanoudy, A. (2023). Molecular Study of the Protective Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet against Brain Insulin Resistance in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Brain Sciences, 13(10), 1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13101383

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop