Binge-like Prenatal Ethanol Exposure Causes Impaired Cellular Differentiation in the Embryonic Forebrain and Synaptic and Behavioral Defects in Adult Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Ethanol Administration
2.3. Protein Extraction, Electrophoresis, and Immunoblotting
2.4. Y-Maze Spatial Memory (SM) Task
2.5. Social Recognition Memory (SRM)
2.6. Elevated Plus Maze (EPM)
2.7. Marble Burying Test (MBT)
2.8. Nestlet Shredding Test (NST)
2.9. LTP and Long-Term Depression (LTD)
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of GDE Exposure on Body Weight and Litter Data
3.2. Effects of GDE Exposure on Embryonic Cell Proliferation and Survival
3.3. Effects of GDE Exposure on SM Performance
3.4. Effects of GDE Treatment on SRM
3.5. Effects of GDE Treatment on Stereotyped Repetitive Behavior in the NST and MBT
3.6. Effects of GDE Exposure on Anxiety-like Behavior in EPM
3.7. Effects of GDE Treatment on LTP and LTD
3.8. Effects of GDE on Synaptic Plasticity-Related Protein Expression in Adult Mice
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Subbanna, S.; Basavarajappa, B.S. Binge-like Prenatal Ethanol Exposure Causes Impaired Cellular Differentiation in the Embryonic Forebrain and Synaptic and Behavioral Defects in Adult Mice. Brain Sci. 2022, 12, 793. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060793
Subbanna S, Basavarajappa BS. Binge-like Prenatal Ethanol Exposure Causes Impaired Cellular Differentiation in the Embryonic Forebrain and Synaptic and Behavioral Defects in Adult Mice. Brain Sciences. 2022; 12(6):793. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060793
Chicago/Turabian StyleSubbanna, Shivakumar, and Balapal S. Basavarajappa. 2022. "Binge-like Prenatal Ethanol Exposure Causes Impaired Cellular Differentiation in the Embryonic Forebrain and Synaptic and Behavioral Defects in Adult Mice" Brain Sciences 12, no. 6: 793. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060793