Anti-Gravity Treadmill Training for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Patients Included in the Cohort
3.2. Clinical Features of Included Patients and Effect of the Therapy
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean ± S.D. | |
---|---|
Age at evaluation (years) | 72.68 ± 10.12 |
Evolution time of PD (years) | 6.8 ± 5.4 |
Hoehn–Yahr stage | 3.58 ± 0.69 |
MoCA score | 23.3 ± 4.2 |
FoG relationship with levodopa | n (%) |
Unknown/Unclear | 5 (26.3) |
Partially sensible | 12 (63.2) |
Resistant | 2 (10.5) |
Induced | 0 (0) |
CGIS-severity (at baseline) | n (%) |
Moderate | 14 (73.7) |
Marked | 4 (21.1) |
Severe | 1 (5.3) |
CGIS-improvement (after treatment) | n (%) |
Much better | 3 (15.8) |
Moderately better | 13 (68.4) |
Mildly better | 2 (10.5) |
No change | 1 (5.3) |
Aspects with perceived improvement | n (%) |
Balance/equilibrium | 17 (89.5) |
Gait speed | 16 (84.2) |
Step amplitude | 16 (84.2) |
FoG | 16 (84.2) |
Before Therapy | After Therapy | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
FOGQ | |||
1.1. Gait at worst state | 2.79 ± 0.63 | 2.21 ± 0.79 | 0.002 |
1.2. Gait difficulties affecting DA and independence | 2.16 ± 0.96 | 2.05 ± 0.78 | 0.578 |
1.3. Frequency of FoG episodes | 2.79 ± 1.13 | 2.16 ± 1.5 | 0.042 |
1.4. Duration of longest FoG episodes | 1.84 ± 0.90 | 1.11 ± 1.20 | 0.005 |
1.5. Duration of FoG when initiating the first step | 2.47 ± 0.77 | 1.95 ± 1.13 | 0.008 |
1.6. Duration of freezing when turning | 1.95 ± 0.97 | 1.37 ± 1.06 | 0.053 |
Total score | 14.05 ± 3.37 | 10.79 ± 4.70 | 0.001 |
MDS-UPDRS Part II | |||
Item 2.13 (FoG) | 2.58 ± 1.12 | 1.58 ± 1.12 | <0.001 |
MDS-UPDRS Part III | |||
Item 3.10 (gait) | 2.16 ± 0.90 | 1.63 ± 0.89 | 0.004 |
Item 3.11 (FoG) | 0.79 ± 1.03 | 0.32 ± 0.75 | 0.016 |
Total score | 31.79 ± 12.61 | 28.16 ± 13.38 | 0.004 |
TUG test | |||
1st attempt | 27.06 ± 17.39 | 21.12 ± 11.13 | 0.027 |
2nd attempt | 26.55 ± 15.97 | 18.98 ± 10.19 | 0.003 |
3rd attempt | 25.49 ± 15.27 | 18.95 ± 10.34 | 0.007 |
Mean | 26.01 ± 15.57 | 18.96 ± 10.20 | 0.004 |
Number of falls | 3.26 ± 10.27 | 1.37 ± 3.77 | 0.243 |
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Baizabal-Carvallo, J.F.; Alonso-Juarez, M.; Fekete, R. Anti-Gravity Treadmill Training for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 739. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100739
Baizabal-Carvallo JF, Alonso-Juarez M, Fekete R. Anti-Gravity Treadmill Training for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(10):739. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100739
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaizabal-Carvallo, José Fidel, Marlene Alonso-Juarez, and Robert Fekete. 2020. "Anti-Gravity Treadmill Training for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease" Brain Sciences 10, no. 10: 739. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100739