IL-6 Induced by Periodontal Inflammation Causes Neuroinflammation and Disrupts the Blood–Brain Barrier
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Treatment
2.2. Real-Time PCR
2.3. ELISA
2.4. Immunofluorescence
2.5. Dextran Imaging
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Ligature-Induced Gingival and Systemic Inflammatory Responses
3.2. The Role of IL-6 in PD-Induced Increases in IL-1β mRNA Levels in the Hippocampus
3.3. The Role of Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in BBB Disruption
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Furutama, D.; Matsuda, S.; Yamawaki, Y.; Hatano, S.; Okanobu, A.; Memida, T.; Oue, H.; Fujita, T.; Ouhara, K.; Kajiya, M.; et al. IL-6 Induced by Periodontal Inflammation Causes Neuroinflammation and Disrupts the Blood–Brain Barrier. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 679. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100679
Furutama D, Matsuda S, Yamawaki Y, Hatano S, Okanobu A, Memida T, Oue H, Fujita T, Ouhara K, Kajiya M, et al. IL-6 Induced by Periodontal Inflammation Causes Neuroinflammation and Disrupts the Blood–Brain Barrier. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(10):679. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100679
Chicago/Turabian StyleFurutama, Daisuke, Shinji Matsuda, Yosuke Yamawaki, Saki Hatano, Ai Okanobu, Takumi Memida, Hiroshi Oue, Tsuyoshi Fujita, Kazuhisa Ouhara, Mikihito Kajiya, and et al. 2020. "IL-6 Induced by Periodontal Inflammation Causes Neuroinflammation and Disrupts the Blood–Brain Barrier" Brain Sciences 10, no. 10: 679. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100679