A Tightly Coupled GIS and Spatiotemporal Modeling for Methane Emission Simulation in the Underground Coal Mine System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Case Study
3. Model-GIS Coupling Strategy
3.1. LrGIS Platform
3.2. Mathematical Models
3.2.1. Lattice Boltzmann Method for Velocity Field
3.2.2. Concentration Field through a Coupled Model
3.2.3. The Turbulence Model
3.3. Implementation of the LBM Integrated with LrGIS Platform
- (i)
- fluid region: all species can move in this area, namely, the mesoscopic streaming and collision step of particles happened;
- (ii)
- inflow: the velocity inflow boundary condition is adopted, which means that the airflow is through this boundary with specified velocity;
- (iii)
- outflow: the outlet of the laneway is set to be under the constant pressure boundary condition;
- (iv)
- methane mass flow: the methane gas is released evenly from working face area with a total flow rate of 0.2 m3/s;
- (v)
- bounced back boundary: the no-slip boundary is prescribed at all laneway walls.
4. Simulation and Integration Results
4.1. Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Airflow and Methane Distribution
4.2. The Spatiotemporal Analysis of Methane Concentration Based on LrGIS
4.3. The Comprehensive Comparison of Traditional CFD Method and LBM
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Coupling Type | ||
---|---|---|---|
Loose | Tight | Embedded | |
Shared data and method base | √ | √ | |
Intra-simulation model modification | √ | ||
Intra-simulation query and control | √ | ||
Advantages & disadvantages | Different GIS and Modeling packages have independent interfaces. Information sharing is based on exchange of files, which can be error prone and inefficient. Different tools and libraries facilitate independent development. | The coupled platform merges different modules in a single powerful system, which avoids inconsistency and data loss originating from redundancy and heterogeneity of method base. Data exchange is automatic between GIS platform and model. | Programming and data management is significantly complex, and the code base is not easy to be changed due to embedded large source code structure. Steerable simulation according to the changes of parameters or processes. |
Examples | [48] | [49] | [50] |
Algorithm. The LBM Based Turbulent Velocity-Concentration Coupling Model Integrated with LrGIS Platform |
---|
Step 1: Geometric model construction with specific geospatial coordinates. |
Step 2: Lattice attributes configuration for two different lattice (D2Q9 and D2Q5) |
Step 3: Main loop starts |
Parameters initialization: , maxIter |
For (it = 0; it < maxIter; ++it) |
If (it = 0) |
Set static boundary conditions (fluid region, wall). |
Else if (it != 0) |
Set dynamic boundary conditions(inflow, outflow and methane emission rate). |
Do collision step |
Do streaming step |
Do coupling step |
Step 4: Save the result data as time series grid files |
Step 5: FluentEntity call time series grid files and display field data on LrGIS GUI integrated with various coal mine map objects |
Parameters | Setting |
---|---|
Air density (kg/m3) | 1.225 |
Methane gas density (kg/m3) | 0.716 |
Turbulent viscosity(m2/s) | 1.7894 × 10−5 |
Turbulent kinetic energy | 1.3 |
Convergence criteria | 10e−6 |
Calculation steps | 10000 |
Lattice size (m) | 0.1 |
Time step size (s) | 1 |
Renolds number | 500 |
Initial pressure | 1/3 |
Air velocity of inlet (m/s) | 3.17 |
Methane volume flow at the working face (m3/s) | 0.2 |
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Liu, H.; Mao, S.; Li, M.; Wang, S. A Tightly Coupled GIS and Spatiotemporal Modeling for Methane Emission Simulation in the Underground Coal Mine System. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 1931. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091931
Liu H, Mao S, Li M, Wang S. A Tightly Coupled GIS and Spatiotemporal Modeling for Methane Emission Simulation in the Underground Coal Mine System. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(9):1931. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091931
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Hui, Shanjun Mao, Mei Li, and Shuangyong Wang. 2019. "A Tightly Coupled GIS and Spatiotemporal Modeling for Methane Emission Simulation in the Underground Coal Mine System" Applied Sciences 9, no. 9: 1931. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091931
APA StyleLiu, H., Mao, S., Li, M., & Wang, S. (2019). A Tightly Coupled GIS and Spatiotemporal Modeling for Methane Emission Simulation in the Underground Coal Mine System. Applied Sciences, 9(9), 1931. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091931