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Applied Sciences
Volume 16
Issue 18
10.3390/app16189324
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Article

Multicomponent Interpolyelectrolyte/Catalase Complexes Deposited onto Sand Microparticles with Sorption/Degradation Properties Toward Pollutants

by
Florin Bucatariu
,
Larisa-Maria Petrila
,
Timeea-Anastasia Ciobanu
,
Marius-Mihai Zaharia
and
Marcela Mihai
*
Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(18), 9324; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16189324 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 29 August 2026 / Revised: 16 September 2026 / Accepted: 18 September 2026 / Published: 20 September 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Advanced Materials and Their Applications in Circular Bioeconomy)
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Abstract

The one-step deposition of binary and ternary polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) based on poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), catalase (Cat), and poly(sodium methacrylate) (PMANa) onto quartz sand microparticles (180 μm average diameter) resulted in the formation of sand/polyelectrolyte/enzyme composites with sorption/degradation properties, demonstrated in both static and dynamic conditions toward a model pollutant (indigo carmine (IC)). Prior to the deposition onto a solid surface, the capacity of the pairs PEI/Cat, PMANa/Cat, and PEI/PMANa/Cat to form binary and ternary PECs was studied by dynamic light scattering. Then, two types of composites were prepared, either by including Cat in the initial mixture of components used to form the composites (sand/Cat-PECs) or by adding Cat after the sand/PEC composite formation (sand/PECs/Cat). The distribution of the enzyme in the formed shell of the composites or onto the external surface played an important role in the subsequent sorption/degradation of IC in the presence/absence of H2O2. The newly synthesized sand/polyelectrolyte/enzyme composites could immobilize and degrade dye molecules at high flow rates (2–15 mL/min) in dynamic conditions, demonstrating that this new type of composite represent very promising materials for application in water cleaning.
Keywords: catalase; sand; polyelectrolyte; composites; indigo carmine; sorption catalase; sand; polyelectrolyte; composites; indigo carmine; sorption

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bucatariu, F.; Petrila, L.-M.; Ciobanu, T.-A.; Zaharia, M.-M.; Mihai, M. Multicomponent Interpolyelectrolyte/Catalase Complexes Deposited onto Sand Microparticles with Sorption/Degradation Properties Toward Pollutants. Appl. Sci. 2026, 16, 9324. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16189324

AMA Style

Bucatariu F, Petrila L-M, Ciobanu T-A, Zaharia M-M, Mihai M. Multicomponent Interpolyelectrolyte/Catalase Complexes Deposited onto Sand Microparticles with Sorption/Degradation Properties Toward Pollutants. Applied Sciences. 2026; 16(18):9324. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16189324

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bucatariu, Florin, Larisa-Maria Petrila, Timeea-Anastasia Ciobanu, Marius-Mihai Zaharia, and Marcela Mihai. 2026. "Multicomponent Interpolyelectrolyte/Catalase Complexes Deposited onto Sand Microparticles with Sorption/Degradation Properties Toward Pollutants" Applied Sciences 16, no. 18: 9324. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16189324

APA Style

Bucatariu, F., Petrila, L.-M., Ciobanu, T.-A., Zaharia, M.-M., & Mihai, M. (2026). Multicomponent Interpolyelectrolyte/Catalase Complexes Deposited onto Sand Microparticles with Sorption/Degradation Properties Toward Pollutants. Applied Sciences, 16(18), 9324. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16189324

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