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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 13
10.3390/app15137323
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Review

Integrated Biomimetics: Natural Innovations for Urban Design, Smart Technologies, and Human Health

by
Ocotlán Diaz-Parra
1,
Francisco R. Trejo-Macotela
1,*,
Jorge A. Ruiz-Vanoye
1,
Jaime Aguilar-Ortiz
1,
Miguel A. Ruiz-Jaimes
2,
Yadira Toledo-Navarro
2,
Alejandro Fuentes Penna
3,
Ricardo A. Barrera-Cámara
4 and
Julio C. Salgado-Ramirez
1
1
Dirección de Investigación, Innovación y Posgrado, Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca—Cd. Sahagún Km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Zempoala 43830, HGO, Mexico
2
Ingeniería en Informática e Ingeniería en Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos, Boulevard Cuauhnáhuac #566, Colonia Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec 62550, MOR, Mexico
3
El Colegio de Morelos, Av. Morelos Sur 154, Esquina con Amates, Colonia Las Palmas, Cuernavaca 62050, MOR, Mexico
4
Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, Calle 56 No. 4, Esquina con Avenida Concordia, Colonia Benito Juárez, Ciudad del Carmen 24180, CAM, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7323; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137323
Submission received: 30 May 2025 / Revised: 23 June 2025 / Accepted: 25 June 2025 / Published: 29 June 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

Biomimetics has emerged as a transformative interdisciplinary approach that harnesses nature’s evolutionary strategies to develop sustainable solutions across diverse fields. This study explores its integrative role in shaping smart cities, advancing artificial intelligence and robotics, innovating biomedical applications, and enhancing computational design tools. By analysing the evolution of biomimetic principles and their technological impact, this work highlights how nature-inspired solutions contribute to energy efficiency, adaptive urban planning, bioengineered materials, and intelligent systems. Furthermore, this paper discusses future perspectives on biomimetics-driven innovations, emphasising their potential to foster resilience, efficiency, and sustainability in rapidly evolving technological landscapes. Particular attention is given to neuromorphic hardware, a biologically inspired computing paradigm that mimics neural processing through spike-based communication and analogue architectures. Key components such as memristors and neuromorphic processors enable adaptive, low-power, task-specific computation, with wide-ranging applications in robotics, AI, healthcare, and renewable energy systems. Furthermore, this paper analyses how self-organising cities, conceptualised as complex adaptive systems, embody biomimetic traits such as resilience, decentralised optimisation, and autonomous resource management.
Keywords: smart technologies; integrated biomimetics; human health smart technologies; integrated biomimetics; human health

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Diaz-Parra, O.; Trejo-Macotela, F.R.; Ruiz-Vanoye, J.A.; Aguilar-Ortiz, J.; Ruiz-Jaimes, M.A.; Toledo-Navarro, Y.; Penna, A.F.; Barrera-Cámara, R.A.; Salgado-Ramirez, J.C. Integrated Biomimetics: Natural Innovations for Urban Design, Smart Technologies, and Human Health. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 7323. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137323

AMA Style

Diaz-Parra O, Trejo-Macotela FR, Ruiz-Vanoye JA, Aguilar-Ortiz J, Ruiz-Jaimes MA, Toledo-Navarro Y, Penna AF, Barrera-Cámara RA, Salgado-Ramirez JC. Integrated Biomimetics: Natural Innovations for Urban Design, Smart Technologies, and Human Health. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(13):7323. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137323

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diaz-Parra, Ocotlán, Francisco R. Trejo-Macotela, Jorge A. Ruiz-Vanoye, Jaime Aguilar-Ortiz, Miguel A. Ruiz-Jaimes, Yadira Toledo-Navarro, Alejandro Fuentes Penna, Ricardo A. Barrera-Cámara, and Julio C. Salgado-Ramirez. 2025. "Integrated Biomimetics: Natural Innovations for Urban Design, Smart Technologies, and Human Health" Applied Sciences 15, no. 13: 7323. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137323

APA Style

Diaz-Parra, O., Trejo-Macotela, F. R., Ruiz-Vanoye, J. A., Aguilar-Ortiz, J., Ruiz-Jaimes, M. A., Toledo-Navarro, Y., Penna, A. F., Barrera-Cámara, R. A., & Salgado-Ramirez, J. C. (2025). Integrated Biomimetics: Natural Innovations for Urban Design, Smart Technologies, and Human Health. Applied Sciences, 15(13), 7323. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137323

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