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Review

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Bone Healing and Joint Preservation: A Narrative Review of the Literature

by
Gaetano Caruso
1,
Leo Massari
2,
Sebastiano Lentini
1,
Stefania Setti
3,
Edoardo Gambuti
1 and
Achille Saracco
1,*
1
Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, c/o “S. Anna”, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
2
Department of Translational Medicine Romagna, University of Ferrara, c/o “S. Anna”, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
3
IGEA SpA—Clinical Biophysics, Via Parmenide 10/A, 41012 Carpi, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(5), 1789; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051789
Submission received: 27 November 2023 / Revised: 22 January 2024 / Accepted: 20 February 2024 / Published: 22 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances and Applications in Bio-Electromagnetics and Biomedical Engineering)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Biophysical stimulation therapy, Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) and Capacitively Coupled Electric Fields (CCEFs) have significantly increased in the last twenty years. Due to this, it is necessary to have clear information regarding their efficacy, therapeutic indications and expected objectives. Application fields: There is a unanimous opinion regarding the usefulness of applying biophysical therapy on the bone compartment both in terms of the tissue-healing process and the symptoms associated with this situation. Differently, but no less important, positive results were observed in the joint compartment, especially with regard to the inhibition of the inflammatory process. Good results for chondroprotection were obtained in vitro and after a surgical procedure. New studies have shown the effectiveness also in cases of osteoporosis. Conclusions: The effectiveness of PEMFs and CCEFs on the bone-healing process and on joint preservation in the orthopedic and traumatology fields has consolidated evidence in the literature. We have also found positive results for symptoms and patient compliance with rehabilitation therapies. Therefore, their notable applications can be envisaged in the fields of prosthetic surgery and sports medicine.
Keywords: pulsed electromagnetic fields; PEMFs; capacitively coupled electric fields; CCEFs; bone healing; joint preservation; traumatology; sport medicine; hip and knee replacement; reverse shoulder arthroplasty pulsed electromagnetic fields; PEMFs; capacitively coupled electric fields; CCEFs; bone healing; joint preservation; traumatology; sport medicine; hip and knee replacement; reverse shoulder arthroplasty

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MDPI and ACS Style

Caruso, G.; Massari, L.; Lentini, S.; Setti, S.; Gambuti, E.; Saracco, A. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Bone Healing and Joint Preservation: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 1789. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051789

AMA Style

Caruso G, Massari L, Lentini S, Setti S, Gambuti E, Saracco A. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Bone Healing and Joint Preservation: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(5):1789. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051789

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caruso, Gaetano, Leo Massari, Sebastiano Lentini, Stefania Setti, Edoardo Gambuti, and Achille Saracco. 2024. "Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Bone Healing and Joint Preservation: A Narrative Review of the Literature" Applied Sciences 14, no. 5: 1789. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051789

APA Style

Caruso, G., Massari, L., Lentini, S., Setti, S., Gambuti, E., & Saracco, A. (2024). Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Bone Healing and Joint Preservation: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Applied Sciences, 14(5), 1789. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051789

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