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Volume 13
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10.3390/app132212442
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Article

Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Can Benefit from Consumption of Enriched Chicken Eggs: The Effects on Microvascular Function, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Oxidative Status—Randomized Clinical Study

by
Željka Breškić Ćurić
1,2,3,
Ana Stupin
1,4,
Ana Marija Masle
1,5,
Petar Šušnjara
1,4,
Nataša Kozina
1,4,
Zrinka Mihaljević
1,4,
Ivana Jukić
1,4,
Aleksandar Kibel
1,4,6,
Nikolina Kolobarić
1,4,
Brankica Juranić
1,6,7,
Diana Nejašmić
8,
Anita Šporec
8,
Marija Lovrić
8,
Kristina Selthofer-Relatić
1,2,6,* and
Ines Drenjančević
1,4,*
1
Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
2
Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
3
Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Vinkovci, Zvonarska 57, HR-32100 Vinkovci, Croatia
4
Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
5
Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
6
Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
7
Department of Nursing and Palliative Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10E, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
8
BICRO BIOCENTRE, Ltd., Borongajska cesta 83 H, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(22), 12442; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212442
Submission received: 22 October 2023 / Revised: 15 November 2023 / Accepted: 16 November 2023 / Published: 17 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet-Related Diseases: Pathophysiology and Novel Evaluation Methods)
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Abstract

The aim of this clinical study was to determine the impact of the consumption of chicken eggs enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, selenium, vitamin E, and lutein on micro- and macrovascular endothelium-dependent dilation, inflammation biomarkers, and oxidative stress levels in participants with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study that included 30 CCS participants (9 women, 21 men) randomized into the control group (N = 15), who ate ordinary chicken eggs (three per day), and the Nutri4 group (N = 15), who ate enriched eggs (three per day) for 21 days. Microvascular and macrovascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation was evaluated by measuring forearm skin post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) and acetylcholine-induced dilation (AChID) and the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, respectively. The serum lipid profile, anti- and proinflammatory cytokine levels, serum concentration of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms, and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured before and after the diet protocols. Enriched, but not regular, chicken eggs significantly improved microvascular PORH and AChID and macrovascular FMD, increased the serum concentration of inducible NOS, decreased serum triglyceride levels, and decreased proinflammatory cytokine IL-17A and TGF-1β levels compared to initial measurements. Patients with CCS can benefit from the consumption of enriched chicken eggs due to improved lipid biomarkers, a more favorable anti-inflammatory milieu, and improved vascular relaxation at micro- and macrovascular levels.
Keywords: chicken eggs; functional food; chronic coronary syndrome; endothelium; IL-17A; inflammation; oxidative stress chicken eggs; functional food; chronic coronary syndrome; endothelium; IL-17A; inflammation; oxidative stress

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Breškić Ćurić, Ž.; Stupin, A.; Masle, A.M.; Šušnjara, P.; Kozina, N.; Mihaljević, Z.; Jukić, I.; Kibel, A.; Kolobarić, N.; Juranić, B.; et al. Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Can Benefit from Consumption of Enriched Chicken Eggs: The Effects on Microvascular Function, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Oxidative Status—Randomized Clinical Study. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 12442. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212442

AMA Style

Breškić Ćurić Ž, Stupin A, Masle AM, Šušnjara P, Kozina N, Mihaljević Z, Jukić I, Kibel A, Kolobarić N, Juranić B, et al. Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Can Benefit from Consumption of Enriched Chicken Eggs: The Effects on Microvascular Function, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Oxidative Status—Randomized Clinical Study. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(22):12442. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212442

Chicago/Turabian Style

Breškić Ćurić, Željka, Ana Stupin, Ana Marija Masle, Petar Šušnjara, Nataša Kozina, Zrinka Mihaljević, Ivana Jukić, Aleksandar Kibel, Nikolina Kolobarić, Brankica Juranić, and et al. 2023. "Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Can Benefit from Consumption of Enriched Chicken Eggs: The Effects on Microvascular Function, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Oxidative Status—Randomized Clinical Study" Applied Sciences 13, no. 22: 12442. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212442

APA Style

Breškić Ćurić, Ž., Stupin, A., Masle, A. M., Šušnjara, P., Kozina, N., Mihaljević, Z., Jukić, I., Kibel, A., Kolobarić, N., Juranić, B., Nejašmić, D., Šporec, A., Lovrić, M., Selthofer-Relatić, K., & Drenjančević, I. (2023). Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Can Benefit from Consumption of Enriched Chicken Eggs: The Effects on Microvascular Function, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Oxidative Status—Randomized Clinical Study. Applied Sciences, 13(22), 12442. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212442

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